The existence of a Kodaira fibration, i.e., of a fibration of a compact complex surface S onto a complex curve B which is a differentiable but not a holomorphic bundle, forces the geographical slope ν(S) = c 1 (S)/c2(S) to lie in the interval (2, 3). But up to now all the known examples had slope ν(S) ≤ 2 + 1/3. In this paper we consider a special class of surfaces admitting two such Kodaira fi...

STUDY OBJECTIVE To examine the relation between experimental and non-experimental study design in vaccinology. DESIGN Assessment of each study design's capability of testing four aspects of vaccine performance, namely immunogenicity (the capacity to stimulate the immune system), duration of immunity conferred, incidence and seriousness of side effects, and number of infections prevented by va...

Cross-Species Immunity in Malaria Vaccine Development: Two, Three, or Even Four for the Price of One? Bruno Douradinha,† Maria M. Mota, Adrian J. F. Luty,* and Robert W. Sauerwein Department of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Centre, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Unidade Malaria, Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal; and...

The present study evaluated the effect of Lactobacillus plantarum as a probiotic on the growth performance and haematological parameters of juvenile rainbow trout (O. mykiss) weighing 29.6±1.8 g immunized with streptococcus/lactococcus vaccine. Fish were randomly allocated into 4 equal groups consisting of fish fed with the probiotic  supplemented in diet (group P), fish immunized with streptoc...

Previous findings, viz. that mice can be successfully immunized against infection with Salmonella dublin with either live or inactivated vaccine, were confirmed. Immunity lasted for at least 12 weeks in mice which had been immunized with inactivated alum-precipitated vaccine. The immunogenicity of inactivated vaccine gradually decreased on storage at 4 degrees C, but this was only detectable if...

MJ Fonseca, A Moreira, P Moreira, L Delgado, V Teixeira, P Padrão Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal Department of Immunoallergology, Hospital of São João, Porto, Porto, Portugal Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure, University of Porto, Porto, Portug...

BACKGROUND The epidemiological impact and the duration of protection provided by infant hepatitis B (HB) vaccination are unknown. OBJECTIVES This study was designed to determine the hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection seromarkers in young adults who have been vaccinated against HBV as the first group of Iranian neonates during 1993 and 1994. PATIENTS AND METHODS We recruited 510 young adults ...