A Markovian battery model is proposed to provide the variation of energy states for energy harvesting (EH) secondary users (SUs) in the EH cognitive radio network (CRN). Based on the proposed battery model, we derive the packet loss probability in the EH SUs due to sensing inaccuracy and energy outage. With the proposed analysis, the packet loss probability can easily be predicted and utilized ...

Climate change, habitat loss, and harvesting are potential drivers of species extinction. These factors are unlikely to act on isolation, but their combined effects are poorly understood. We explored these effects in Catopsis compacta, an epiphytic bromeliad commercially harvested in Oaxaca, Mexico. We analyzed local climate change projections, the dynamics of the vegetation patches, the distri...

In this study, an energy harvesting chip was developed to scavenge energy from artificial light to charge a wireless sensor node. The chip core is a miniature transformer with a nano-ferrofluid magnetic core. The chip embedded transformer can convert harvested energy from its solar cell to variable voltage output for driving multiple loads. This chip system yields a simple, small, and more impo...

many factors affect yield loss in wheat harvesting with a grain combine harvester and there is no mathematical model to describe the behavior of this complex system. thus in this study, a fuzzy logic controller (flc) was designed, implemented and tested for the automatic settings of cylinder speed, concave clearance, fan speed and forward speed of a model 955 john deere combine. first, the mech...

Nonlinear loss is the central problem in silicon devices that operate using nonlinear optical effects. Wavelength converters are one example of such devices, wherein high optical intensities required for nonlinear interactions cause two-photon absorption and severe free-carrier absorption. In this paper, we report the first demonstration of nonlinear photovoltaic effect in silicon wavelength co...

Autogenous iliac crest bone graft has been the gold standard for use in posterolateral spinal fusions despite a high incidence of morbidity associated with the harvesting process. Minor complications including increased blood loss, increased hospital stay, and superficial infections have been reported to occur in 9.4% to 25% of cases. Major complications such as deep infection, fracture of the ...

Facial volume loss has become widely accepted as one of the contributing factors in global facial aging. Some have even suggested that bony, muscular, fatty, and dermal/epidermal changes are more integral in the aging process than gravitational influence. Although detractors of autologous fat transfer persist, facial autologous fat transfer has become widely utilized as one option for volume re...

We give a new explanation for why some biological systems can stay quantum coherent for a long time at room temperature, one of the fundamental puzzles of quantum biology. We show that systems with the right level of complexity between chaos and regularity can increase their coherence time by orders of magnitude. Systems near Critical Quantum Chaos or Metal-Insulator Transition (MIT) can have l...

Long delays between the harvesting and crushing of sugarcane and the associated deterioration of cane quality have long been recognised as a major source of loss to the sugar industry. Different methods of reducing harvest-to-crush delays need to be evaluated without expensive and time consuming experimentation on real world harvesting and delivery systems. A joint project between the Agricultu...