As one of the most important chemicals and carbon-free energy carriers, ammonia (NH3) has significant energy-related applications in industry agriculture. Ninety percent NH3 is produced by Haber–Bosch process using high-purity N2 H2 at high temperatures pressures, which consumes about 1% total production causes 1.4% global CO2 emissions. The environmentally friendly electrochemical nitrogen red...

Ammonia production via the electrochemical N2 reduction reaction (NRR) at ambient conditions is highly desired as an alternative to Haber-Bosch process, but remains a great challenge due low efficiency and selectivity caused by competing hydrogen evolution (HER). Herein we investigate effect of availabilities reactants (protons, electrons N2) on NRR using FeOx-coated carbon fiber paper cathode ...

Electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction reaction (E-NRR) to ammonia is becoming a major topic of interest in the field large-scale energy storage from renewable sources and water. This approach considered as an alternative route production that could replace high demanding polluting Haber–Bosch process or pressure stored hydrogen electrolysis. focused review covers different recent aspects via E-NR...

N2 fixation into NH3 is one of the main processes in chemical industry. Plasma catalysis among environmentally friendly alternatives to industrial energy-intensive Haber-Bosch process. However, many questions remain open, such as applicability conventional catalytic knowledge plasma. In this work, we studied performance Al2O3-supported Fe, Ru, Co and Cu catalysts plasma-catalytic synthesis a DB...

Ammonia is an important industrial chemical and also being discussed as a potential energy carrier. Electrifying ammonia synthesis could help to decarbonize the industry, Haber–Bosch process contributes markedly global carbon emissions. A lithium-mediated pathway among most promising ambient-condition electrochemical methods. However, role of metallic lithium its passivation layer, solid electr...

Sustainable plasma-catalytic NH3 synthesis is receiving an increasing amount of interest as a greener alternative for the conventional Haber-Bosch (HB) process. However, best energy efficiency plasma reported so far still low compared to one HB. This research was conducted experimentally investigate process rate-limiting steps, which N2 bond breaking. study aimed at identifying enhancing-surfac...

Nitrogen is an essential element for many biological processes, including those occurring in plants (Ogura et al., 2006). Despite the abundance of atmospheric nitrogen, production of nitrogen fertilisers by the Harber–Bosch process is increasing annually due to the deficiency of ammonia produced by biological nitrogen fixation—the enzyme-catalyzed reduction of nitrogen gas (N2). Concern over ‘g...

The manufacture of mineral N fertilisers by the Haber–Bosch process is highly energy-consuming. nutrient recovery technologies from wastes through low-cost processes will improve sustainability agricultural systems. This work aimed to assess suitability gas-permeable membrane (GPM) technology recover an anaerobic digestate and test agronomic behaviour ammonium sulphate solution (ASS) obtained. ...

Abstract The electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR) has been one of the most intriguing catalytic reactions in recent years, providing an energy-saving and environmentally friendly alternative to conventional Haber–Bosch process for ammonia production. However, activity selectivity issues originating from activation barrier NRR intermediates competing hydrogen evolution result unsat...

The conversion of atmospheric nitrogen into valuable compounds, that is, so-called nitrogen fixation, is gaining increased interest, owing to the essential role in the nitrogen cycle of the biosphere. Plasma technology, and more specifically gliding arc plasma, has great potential in this area, but little is known about the underlying mechanisms. Therefore, we developed a detailed chemical kine...