OBJECTIVE To investigate the synergistic anti-tumor effect of QHF (a Chinese medicine formula with anti-tumor active ingredients, including 800 mg/kg Cinobufotalin, 14 mg/kg Ginsenoside Rg3, 5.5 mg/kg Notoginseng and 100 mg/kg Lentinan) when combined with the chemotherapy drug cisplatin (DDP). METHODS Hepatocellular carcinoma H22 cells were implanted into mice and after the transplants were s...

This chapter is a simple, rigorous, practically-oriented exposition of computable general equilibrium (CGE) modeling. The general algebraic framework of a CGE model is developed from microeconomic fundamentals, and employed to illustrate (i) how a model may be calibrated using the economic data in a social accounting matrix, (ii) how the resulting system of numerical equations may be solved for...

This paper shows that prices respond more to increases than to decreases in Value-Added Taxes (VATs). First, using all VAT reforms from 1996 to 2015 across all European countries we show that prices respond 3 to 4 times more to VAT increases than decreases. Second, using a plausibly exogenous VAT reform, we show that the asymmetry persists over several years. Third, we document several empirica...

Imperfect altruism between generations may lead to insufficient capital accumulation. We study the welfare consequences of taxing the rent on a fixed production factor, such as land, in combination with age-dependent redistributions as a remedy. Taxing rent enhances welfare by increasing capital investment. This holds for any tax rate and recycling of the tax revenues except for combinations of...

Using data from 15 EU countries for 1974-2004, with various specifications and estimation methods this paper gives strong support to the idea that the aggregate inflation-output gap or inflation-unemployment rate relationship is not linear because inflation is relatively more sensitive to markets and regions that are close to a capacity constraint. Accordingly, inflation is not only related to ...

Because excise taxes are independent of product price, rate hikes are predicted to lower the relative cost of high-priced goods, encouraging a shift towards their purchase. Using scanner data on cigarette sales from 29 states over a six-year period, we examine whether tax hikes encourage a flight to quality. Results demonstrate that a 1¢ hike in taxes increases retail prices of name brand and g...

This paper analyzes the effect of skill heterogeneity on regional patterns of production and housing in the presence of pecuniary externalities within a general-equilibrium framework, assuming monopolistic competition in intermediate goods markets. It shows that the interplay of heterogeneous skills and comparatively homogeneous land demand triggers skill segmentation and agglomeration. The cor...

Bu çalışmada, tenteli perdeli treyler ön panellerine balpeteği sandviç kompozitlerin uygulanabilirliği sonlu elemanlar analizi (FEA) ile incelenmiştir. Balpeteği yapılı kompozitlerden; polipropilen (PP) balpeteği, S320 çelik levha ve 3005 H19 alüminyum alaşımı 5457 H22 levhalardan imal edilmiş iki farklı kompozit bu çalışmanın kapsamında değerlendirilmiştir. TS EN 12642 normunda belirtilen test...

OBJECTIVES To investigate the mechanism of cinobufagin-reduced cancer pain in mouse cancer pain model and in vitro cell co-culture system. METHODS Female Kunming mice were randomly divided into 4 groups. One group of animals was set as normal control without any treatment. Other three groups of animals received H22 hepatoma cell inoculation in right hind paw. At day 9 after inoculation, mice ...