This study was conducted to test the acute anti-diarrheal toxicity made from a combination of herbal extracts contain leaves guava (Psidium guajava), turmeric (Curcuma domestica), fruit mojokeling (Terminalia chebula) and pomegranate (Punica gratum) peel. In vivo carried out on female Swiss Webster mice at Toxicology Pharmacology Laboratory Institut Teknologi Bandung Pharmacy School. The five t...

BACKGROUND/AIM House flies (Musca domestica) are of major public health concern in areas with poor sanitation and hygiene conditions. Biological control through the use of parasitoids and pathogens is one of the alternatives to the use of chemical pesticides for control of insects of public health importance. MATERIALS AND METHODS The effects of the delta endotoxin of Bacillus thuringiensis o...

The Bactrian camel is an important domesticated animal providing milk, meat, and other products in desert countries. In this study, 111 individuals representing 11 domestic Bactrian camel breeds from China, Mongolia, Russia, and one wild Bactrian camel group from Mongolia were selected for the preparation of mitochondrial DNA. The 1140-bp fragments of the cytochrome b gene (Cytb) were amplified...

After four decades of research aimed at understanding tRNA selection on the ribosome, the mechanism by which ribosomal ambiguity (ram) mutations promote miscoding remains unclear. Here, we present two X-ray crystal structures of the Thermus thermophilus 70S ribosome containing 16S rRNA ram mutations, G347U and G299A. Each of these mutations causes miscoding in vivo and stimulates elongation fac...

Clonal chromosomal abnormalities were found in tumor tissue of 43 (84%) of 51 patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (B-cell, 32; T-cell, 15) from an adult T-cell leukemia/I) mphoma-nonendemic area in western mainland Japan. Four tumors were tetraploid, and the other 39 had a chromosome number in the diploid range. Trisomies 3, 5, 7, 18, and \. monosomy 13, and loss of an X in female and a Y in m...

A United States interagency avian influenza surveillance plan was initiated in 2006 for early detection of highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses (HPAIV) in wild birds. The plan included a variety of wild bird sampling strategies including the testing of fecal samples from aquatic areas throughout the United States from April 2006 through December 2007. Although HPAIV was not detected throug...

AIMS To present the pairwise comparison of potential mosquito-pathogenic Bacillus strains based on their SDS-PAGE protein patterns and to evaluate their characteristic toxicity patterns. METHODS AND RESULTS In this work, 20 Bacillus strains were subjected to qualitative toxicity tests against Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus larvae. The selected strains were then characterized by SDS-...

In contrast to birds and mammals, no information appears to be available on the molecular adaptations for O(2) transport in high-altitude ectothermic vertebrates. We investigated Hb of the aquatic Andean frog Telmatobius peruvianus from 3,800-m altitude as regards isoform differentiation, sensitivity to allosteric cofactors, and primary structures of the alpha- and beta-chains, and we carried o...

Efficacy of Bacillus sphaericus strain GC subgroup IV (Bs) isolated from Assam, India as water dispersible powder formulation has been evaluated in laboratory and field conditions. Laboratory evaluation revealed that Bs, Spherix, ABG 6262 and Bti 164 (serotype H14) produced 90% mortality in Cx. quinquefasciatus @ 0.5, 0.6, 0.75, and 0.7 ppm respectively. In field trial Bs dosage @ 0.1 g/m2 in f...