It is intuitive that immune cells in the gut may require microbiota-derived cues for their differentiation. The proximity between host and microbe in the intestine would seemingly necessitate co-adaptation. However, it has been challenging to determine the members and features of the gut microbiota that influence immune system development and function. The recent identification of immunomodulat...

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental disorder characterised by deficits in social interaction and communication, as well restricted stereotyped interests. Due of the high prevalence gastrointestinal disorders individuals with ASD, researchers have investigated gut microbiota potential contributor to its aetiology. The relationship between microbiome, gut, brain (microb...

The human gut microbiota is a complex microbial ecosystem that contributes an important component towards the health of its host. This highly complex ecosystem has been underestimated in its importance until recently, when a realization of the enormous scope of gut microbiota function has been (and continues to be) revealed. One of the more striking of these discoveries is the finding that the ...

context non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (nafld) is a chronic liver disease, with 5-10% of liver having extra fat. increase in its prevalence in all age groups is linked with obesity and type ii diabetes. the treatment of nafld remains controversial. a growing body of evidence suggests a relation between overgrowth of gut microbiota with nafld and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (nash). the obje...

The gut is the largest lymphoid organ in the body and a site of active HIV-1 replication and immune surveillance. The gut is a reservoir of persistent infection in some individuals with fully suppressed plasma viremia on combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) although the cause of this persistence is unknown. The HIV-1 accessory protein Nef contributes to persistence through multiple functio...

Our gut harbors an extremely diverse collection of trillions of microbes that, besides degrading the complex dietary constituents, execute numerous activities vital for our metabolic and immune health. Although the importance of gut microbiota in maintaining digestive health has long been believed, its close correlation with numerous chronic ailments has recently been noticed, thanks to the inn...

Gut microbiome is indispensable for maintaining normal brain function. Specifically, gut microbiota plays a causal role in sleep deprivation (SD)-induced cognitive impairment. In this study, neurobehavioral effects of the Bifidobacterium breve strain CCFM1025 were assessed sleep-deprived mice. improved body weight and food water intake It also alleviated SD-induced behavioural abnormal...

The human gut harbors >100 trillion microbial cells, which influence the nutrition, metabolism, physiology, and immune function of the host. Here, we review the quantitative and qualitative changes in gut microbiota of patients with CKD that lead to disturbance of this symbiotic relationship, how this may contribute to the progression of CKD, and targeted interventions to re-establish symbiosis...

BACKGROUND Bidirectional signalling between the brain and the gastrointestinal tract is regulated at neural, hormonal, and immunological levels. Recent studies have shown that helminth infections can alter the normal gut microbiota. Studies have also shown that the gut microbiota is instrumental in the normal development, maturation and function of the brain. The pathophysiological pathways by ...