This study was aimed to evaluate the situation of congenital hypothyroidism (CH) in Guilan using the screening program and determine the correlation of CH with birth weight, gestational age and seasonality. During 2006 to 2010, in Guilan province, neonatal screening for CH by measurement of serum TSH level was performed in 3-5 days after birth. All neonates with TSH level ≥ 5mu/l were referred ...

Five Iranian native silkworm groups: Baghdad, Khorasan Orange, Guilan Orange, Khorasan Pink, Khorasan Lemon, and 107 and 110 commercial lines (12 families from each breed) were randomly selected and reared during 2003-2005 (five generations in spring and autumn). In each family, 30 male and 30 female cocoons were individually recorded for weight, shell weight and shell ratio. From among the nat...

BACKGROUND Northern Iran counts as one of the highest prevalence regions for esophageal cancer (EC) worldwide. This study was designed to assess the epidemiologic aspects of EC in north central and northwest Iran over a 10 year period. MATERIALS AND METHODS The Guilan cancer registry study (GCRS) is a population- based cancer registry study featuring retrospective (1996-2003) and prospective ...

BACKGROUND Head trauma is the main cause of disabilities and death among young people, and the side effects of head trauma pose some of the greatest medical challenges. Rapid diagnosis and the use of proper treatments can prevent more severe brain damage. The purpose of this research was to determine the quality of nursing services provided to brain trauma patients in hospitals in Guilan Provin...

BACKGROUND Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is the leading cause of transfusion transmitted infections (TTIs) among patients with β-thalassemia major. A high prevalence of HCV was reported among these patients. The aim of this study is seeking the trend of the prevalence of HCV infection among the patients with b-thalassemia major in Guilan province, Northern Iran over a 10-year period. METHODS A retr...

[1] A global assessment of impact craters on Venus 30 km in diameter shows that 146 craters are completely or partially superposed on the regional plains that dominate the surface and typically are deformed by wrinkle ridges. In this study, we found that 10 of these craters are deformed by wrinkle ridges (pre-WR), 93 craters are superposed on wrinkle ridges (post-WR), and 43 craters were found ...

Differences in the direction and degree to which invasive alien and native plants are influenced by mycorrhizal associations could indicate a general mechanism of plant invasion, but whether or not such differences exist is unclear. Here, we tested whether mycorrhizal responsiveness varies by plant invasive status while controlling for phylogenetic relatedness among plants with two large grassl...

Tourism in nature is such economic activity that has been changed into a global industry nowadays. Nowadays development of tourism and entrance of tourist creates high economic, social, cultural and environmental effect on region of accepting tourism. Social-cultural effects of tourism are counted as the most important regards of tourism development in any region. Tourism development has positi...

Crater size–frequency analyses have shown that the largest volcanic plains deposits on Mercury were emplaced around 3.7 Ga, as determined with recent model production function chronologies for impact crater formation on that planet. To test the hypothesis that all major smooth plains on Mercury were emplaced by about that time, we determined crater size–frequency distributions for the nine next...

BACKGROUND There are unequivocal health disparities, both physical and mental, between the Indigenous and non-Indigenous peoples of Canada. METHODS Utilizing narrative inquiry, 15 néhiyawak (Plains Cree people) between 18 and 71 years of age from Thunderchild First Nation were interviewed to explore what improved their mental health and well-being and what they needed to attain optimal mental...