Objective: Chemometric assisted spectrophotometry, and HPLC methods have been developed for the simultaneous determination of phenylephrine hydrochloride (PEPH), paracetamol (PCM), guaifenesin (GNF), chlorpheniramine maleate (CPM) and bromhexine hydrochloride (BRM). Methods: The chromatographic separation was carried out on a Phenomenex RPC18 column. An isocratic elution was carried out with th...

The possibility to use glycerol carbonate (GlyC) as an innovative alkylating agent for phenolic compounds in solventless conditions and the presence of a catalytic amount both homogeneous heterogeneous bases is herein described. In particular, peculiar, polyfunctional structure GlyC allows one obtain formation not only mono-phenoxy-1,2-propanediol (MPP) analogue but also 1,3-diphenoxy-2-propano...

OBJECTIVE The primary objective was to assess the warming sensation caused by flavor 316282 in a cold and cough product in the target population. METHODS A single-cohort, single-treatment arm, open-label study. Subjects received one 30-mL dose of syrup containing flavor 316282, paracetamol, phenylephrine hydrochloride, and guaifenesin and recorded onset and disappearance of any warming sensat...

Introduction For decades thiobarbiturates have been used to induce and maintain short term (15 30 minutes) general anesthesia in equids. Thiamylal is no longer commercially available, at least in the United States, but use of thiopental remains widespread. In earlier years these ultrashort acting barbiturates were the agents of choice to induce short term recumbency in tranquilized horses. Late...

To determine dose-dependent cardiovascular effects of dobutamine and phenylephrine during anesthesia in horses, increasing doses of dobutamine and phenylephrine were infused to 6 healthy Thoroughbred horses. Anesthesia was induced with xylazine, guaifenesin and thiopental and maintained with sevoflurane at 2.8% of end-tidal concentration in all horses. The horses were positioned in right latera...

BACKGROUND Therapeutic intervention in the pathophysiology of airway mucus hypersecretion is clinically important. Several types of drugs are available with different possible modes of action. We examined the effects of guaifenesin (GGE), N-acetylcysteine (NAC) and ambroxol (Amb) on differentiated human airway epithelial cells stimulated with IL-13 to produce additional MUC5AC. METHODS After ...

To determine hemodynamic effects of hydroxyethyl starch (HES) infusion during anesthesia in horses, incremental doses of 6% HES were administered to 6 healthy Thoroughbred horses. Anesthesia was induced with xylazine, guaifenesin and thiopental and maintained with sevoflurane at 2.8% of end-tidal concentration in all horses. The horses were positioned in right lateral recumbency and administere...

The objective of this study was to analyze the level of evidence regarding the efficacy, effectiveness and safety of over-the-counter (OTC) cough medications registered in Brazil. The National Health Surveillance Agency database was used to identify the drugs. Clinical trials, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and studies on safety were searched on the Medline baseline, the Cochrane Library an...