Introduction: The rapid development of wireless telecommunication technologies over the past decades, has led to significant changes in the exposure of the general public to electromagnetic fields. Nowadays, people are continuously exposed to different sources of electromagnetic fields such as mobile phones, mobile base stations, cordless phones, Wi-Fi routers, and power lines. Therefore, th...

BACKGROUND Vulnerability of the carotid plaque might be useful as a predictor for ischemic stroke risk. The gray-scale median (GSM) of the carotid plaque at B-mode imaging has been described as an objective tool to quantify vulnerability. However, its use is disputed in the published literature. This study sought to validate the GSM as a predictor for carotid plaque vulnerability. METHODS We ...

It is to be stressed that compliance with the ICNIRP Guidelines is not sufficient to guarantee safety – i.e. an absence of related health problems since the radiation can exert influences other than those depending primarily on its intensity; in particular, non-thermal influences, allied to certain frequency characteristics of the signals from a Base-station antenna, which slip through the ICNI...

Three mobile phone systems are used in Poland: analog, operated at the 450 MHz frequency range, and two digital systems operated at 900 MHz and 1800 MHz. The GSM--Global System for Mobile Communication meets all relevant requirements, and it is most widely used throughout the world. According to the mobile phone concept, the whole communication area is divided into sub-areas (cells) where base ...

Introduction: Over the last decade, exposure to electromagnetic waves due to base station antennas has increased. This study was planned to evaluate the effects of different electrical field strengths with 950 MHz waves of the GSM mobile phone system on the excitatory postsynaptic potentiation (EPSP) slope of the dentate gyrus long-term potentiation (LTP). Material and Methods: Twenty four naiv...

A two-port antenna with high isolation for digital television system (DTV), global system for mobile communication (GSM), and universal mobile telecommunications system (UMTS) indoor applications is presented. The antenna consists of a disk loaded sleeve monopole antenna and an inverted-L plate antenna, which are combined into one radiation structure. In addition, by using a choke tube and C-sh...

This paper describes the antenna design for RF power harvesting system. The design goes through three phases designing of antenna, matching network and rectifier. A dual band Microstrip antenna suspended above ground plane is designed to operate in GSM 1.8 and ISM 2.4 GHz bands. The antenna incorporates the capacitive feed strip which is fed by coaxial probe technique where the inductive impeda...