Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is caused by atherosclerosis, hardening and narrowing arteries over time due to buildup of fatty deposit in vascular bed called plaque. Severe blockage of an artery of the lower extremity markedly reduce blood flow, resulting in critical limb ischemia (CLI) manifested by a variety of clinical syndromes including rest pain in the feet or toes, ulcer and gangrene w...

context triple negative breast cancer (tnbc) is a heterogeneous group of diseases that is negative for esterogen receptor (er) progesteron receptor (pr) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (her2). this type of breast cancer is typically high-grade carcinomas, although low-grade tumors occur. the aim of this review is to focus on molecular classification and features, prognostic markers...

Quantitative assessments of tumor burden and modeling of longitudinal growth could improve phase II oncology trials. To identify obstacles to wider use of quantitative measures we obtained recorded linear tumor measurements from three published lung cancer trials. Model-based parameters of tumor burden change were estimated and compared with similarly sized samples from separate trials. Time-to...

BACKGROUND Severe, early-onset fetal growth restriction due to placental insufficiency is associated with a high risk of perinatal mortality and morbidity with long-lasting sequelae. Placental insufficiency is the result of abnormal formation and function of the placenta with inadequate remodelling of the maternal spiral arteries. There is currently no effective therapy available. Some evidence...

clinical trial committee (ctc) has been established in food and drug organization (fdo), in 2003 to assure efficacy and safety of all types of medicinal products which are meant to be registered in iran drug list and/or obtain market authorization.all clinical trial files, meeting minutes and databases in ctc secretariat in fdo were reviewed. relevant information and data extracted, analyzed an...

background: the study aim was to reports detailed characteristics of nutrition research in field of diabetes, and recognize knowledge gap in nutrition science in diabetes in iran. methods: online databases of pubmed, web of science and scopus as well as national databases including sid, iranmedex, and magiran were searched up to 2015 to identify eligible articles. finally, 378 articles were inc...

conventional treatment for primary dysmenorrhoea has a failure rate of 20% to 25% and may be contraindicated or not tolerated by some women. herbal medicine may be a suitable alternative. the objective of the manuscript, is determine the efficacy and safety of some iranian herbal medicine for primary dysmenorrhea when compared with placebo, no treatment, and other treatment. for this target ele...

Field trials with Dizigotheeca elegantissima were conducted at the experimental farm of Faculty of Agriculture, Azad University  Jiroft  in growth seasons of 2012 year. The aim of this work was to study the effect of foliar application of gibberellic acid [GA3] and benzyladenine [BA] at 0, 50, 100 and 150 mgL-1 on the vegetative growth and Photosynthetic pigments ...

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a highly resistant tumour for which there are currently no therapies that are effective across all patient subgroups. Recently, there has been an increased understanding of the molecular pathophysiology underlying RCC. The von Hippel–Lindau/hypoxia–inducible factor pathway has been strongly implicated in RCC. Several key molecules of this signalling pathway, includ...

Highly publicized cases of fabrication or falsification of data in clinical trials have occurred in recent years and it is likely that there are additional undetected or unreported cases. We review the available evidence on the incidence of data fraud in clinical trials, describe several prominent cases, present information on motivation and contributing factors and discuss cost-effective ways ...