Hepatocytes isolated from the livers of fed rats were used for a cQmparative study of the effects of phenylephrine, vasopressin and glucagon on gluconeogenesis and Qn enzymes of glycogen metabolism. When hepatocytes were incubated in the presence of Ca2 , phanylephrine stimulated gluconeogenesis from pyruvate less than did glucagon, but, in contrast with this hormone, it did not affect the acti...

Direct effects of leptin on gluconeogenesis in rat hepatocytes are equivocal, and model systems from other species have not been extensively explored in assessing the regulation of glucose metabolism by leptin. Therefore, the goal of the present study was to compare the effects of leptin on gluconeogenesis in pig and rat hepatocyte cultures as well as to investigate an underlying mechanism of a...

BACKGROUND In healthy subjects after an overnight fast, glucose production is for approximately 50% derived from glycogenolysis. If the fast is prolonged, glucose production decreases due to a decline in glycogenolysis, while gluconeogenesis remains stable. In cerebral malaria, glucose production is completely derived from gluconeogenesis after an overnight fast. It is not known if glucose prod...

Disruption of ppsA, a key gene in gluconeogenesis, of Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris resulted in the failure of the pathogen to grow in medium with pyruvate or C4-dicarboxylates as the sole carbon source and a significant reduction in virulence, indicating that X. campestris pv. campestris possesses only the malic enzyme-PpsA route in gluconeogenesis, which is required for virulence.

Rat liver l-serine-pyruvate aminotransferase activity exceeds markedly the normal adult value (a) in the neonatal period, (b) after glucagon injection and (c) after alloxan injection, observations that reinforce the suggestion from comparative findings that the aminotransferase has a role in gluconeogenesis. Some findings, however, argue in favour of l-serine dehydratase as the enzyme of glucon...

The role of glutamine dipeptide (GDP) to prevent against prolonged insulin induced hypoglycemia (IIH) in overnight fasted rats was investigated. The glycemia was measured 0, 2, 4, 8, and 10 h after an intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection (1 U/kg) of Detemir insulin. Because the lowest glycemia was obtained 4 h after insulin administration, the experiments were done at this time. The hypoglycemia ob...

Recent studies indicate that renal gluconeogenesis is substantially stimulated in patients with type 2 diabetes, but the mechanism that is responsible for such stimulation remains unknown. Therefore, this study tested the hypothesis that renal gluconeogenesis is intrinsically elevated in the Zucker diabetic fatty rat, which is considered to be an excellent model of type 2 diabetes. For this, is...

Among the many tracer methods to indirectly estimate gluconeogenesis in humans, the [U-(13)C(6)]glucose method as proposed by Tayek and Katz (Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 270: E709-E717, 1996; Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 272: E476-E484, 1997) has the advantage of being able to simultaneously estimate hepatic glucose output and fractional gluconeogenesis. However, Landau et al. (Landau BR, J ...

The perfused rat kidney was used for a study of gluconeogenesis. The kidney was completely isolated and perfused with Krebs-Henseleit bicarbonate buffer containing 5% albumin. Perfusion flow rate and pressure remained stable for 2 to 3 hours, although the glomerular filtration rate diminished with time. The fractional reabsorption of both water and sodium was 0.92 during the 1st hour of perfusi...

BACKGROUND The present study was undertaken to test hypothesis that altered transcription of secretory Phospholipase A2 (sPLA2) gene in rat liver is regulated by CCAAT/enhancer binding protein δ (C/EBPδ), and to assess its relationship to hepatic gluconeogenesis during the progression of sepsis. METHODS Sepsis was induced by Cecal Ligation and Puncture (CLP). Experiments were divided into thr...