Partially ionized plasmas corresponding to different ionization degrees are derived and connected one with each other by the diffusion approximation methodology. These plasmas are the following electrical discharges: a thermal arc discharge, glow discharges in local thermodynamic equilibrium -LTEand in non-LTE, and a non-LTE glow discharge interacting with an electron beam (or flow).

Abstract This work presents the deconvolution of thermoluminescent (TL) glow curves, by using logistic asymmetric functions, sintered pure alumina matrices under two different conditions: 1000 °C/3h (NALO) and °C/6h (ALO), also, cerium-doped matrix with 0.1 wt.% at (NALOCe0.1). Sintering treatments induced a remarkable change in TL kinetics consequently curve shape, terms number traps initially...

In this study, a new simple model based on the classical treatment of lattice vibrations and the Franck-Condon principle is developed to describe the shape of thermoluminescence (TL) emission bands of crystalline solids. According to developed model, shape of the emission band has a Gaussian form and depends on just two physical parameters: peak energy E0 and broadening of emission spectra U. I...

Australian glow-worms are a unique resource for tourism in Australia and New Zealand, yet in Australia little information is available on the species present and their relative distributions. An understanding of Australia’s biologically distinct species will indicate the need for specific populations to have strategic management plans put in place for their future protection. To get to this sta...

We show that, if giving is equivalent to not taking, impure altruism could account for List's (2007) finding that the payoff to recipients in a dictator game decreases when the dictator has the option to take. We examine behavior in dictator games with different taking options but equivalent final payoff possibilities. We find that the recipients tend to earn more as the amount the dictator mus...

This paper adds to the literature on the voluntary provision of public goods by showing that the warm glow that individuals gain depends on the perceived relative effectiveness of contributions. We use a new survey on pro-environment behaviors, attitudes, and knowledge and find that individuals act in accordance with their beliefs, regardless of whether or not these beliefs are accurate, and en...

Abstract The present article deals with potassium magnesium borate glass activated copper that was prepared by a melting quenching technique to study the feasibility of this as radiation dosimeter. glasses were characterized through X-ray diffraction and FTIR spectroscopy some optical physical parameters have been interpreted. thermoluminescence properties samples studied, results revealed dope...

If potential donors for a charity project possess the warm-glow properties in their preferences, we can represent their behavior with a coordination game. Accordingly, we construct a simultaneous incomplete information game model of charitable giving based on a simple global coordination game. We demonstrate that merely by the effect of seed money to shift the threshold requirement of the donat...