The aim of this article is to discuss the place of the Actor-Network Theory in intercultural communication. To narrow the scope of the research, the author concentrates on the role of participants in one type of intercultural exchange, namely in translation. Thus, such issues as translator(s), translation, languages, texts and units are given a detailed study in this article. An attempt will be...

It has long been known that protein synthesis is inhibited in neurological disorders. Protein synthesis includes protein transcription and translation. While many studies about protein transcription have been done in the last decade, we are just starting to understand more about the impact of protein translation. Protein translation control can be accomplished at the initiation or elongation st...

For over ten years, Ford Vehicle Operations has utilized an Artificial Intelligence (AI) system to assist in the creation and maintenance of process build instructions for our vehicle assembly plants. This system, known as the Direct Labor Management System, utilizes a restricted subset of English called Standard Language as a tool for the writing of process build instructions for the North Ame...

A methodology is presented for component-based machine translation (MT) evaluation through causal error analysis to complement existing global evaluation methods. This methodology is particularly appropriate for knowledge-based machine translation (KBMT) systems. After a discussion of MT evaluation criteria and the particular evaluation metrics proposed for KBMT, we apply this methodology to a ...

With the rapid development of global economy, food culture is indispensable for human. The need to delicate food is demanding. Chinese diet is profound. Chinese food fronts some problems, one of which is English translation. In this paper, the author aims to find the rules which influence the translation of Chinese courses and conclude the translation methods. In the modernized China, translato...

In this paper, we present our system for statistical machine translation that is based on weighted finite-state transducers. We describe the construction of the transducer, the estimation of the weights, acquisition of phrases (locally ordered tokens) and the mechanism we use for global reordering. We also present a novel approach to machine translation that uses a maximum entropy model for par...