This paper proves the convergence of the ghost fluid method for second order elliptic partial differential equations with interfacial jumps. A weak formulation of the problem is first presented, which then yields the existence and uniqueness of a solution to the problem by classical methods. It is shown that the application of the ghost fluid method by Fedkiw, Kang, and Liu to this problem can ...

In this note we study the world volume theory of pairs of D-brane and ghost D-brane, which is shown to have 16 linear supersymmetries and 16 nonlinear supersymmetries. In particular we study a matrix model based on the pairs of D(−1)brane and ghost D(−1)-brane. Since such pairs are supposed to be equivalent to the closed string vacuum, we expect all 32 supersymmetries should be unbroken. We sho...

BACKGROUND AND AIM Researchers have demonstrated dead cells in radiofrequency ablation (RFA) lesions that have morphological similarities to viable tumor cells and are thus referred to as ghost cells. However, studies on how long ghost cells persist have not been systematically performed. METHODS A tumor model was established by implanting VX2 tumor tissue into the livers of 48 New Zealand ra...

Introduction Echo-planar imaging (EPI) is widely used in functional MRI studies, most often in single-shot form. Interleaved multi-segment EPI becomes desirable when higher spatial resolution and less geometric distortion are crucial. However, interleaved EPI is more susceptible to ghost artifacts. The first major cause of ghost artifacts is even-odd echo data discrepancy, mainly due to gradien...

A recent form of the Slavnov-Taylor identity for the ghost-gluon vertex of QCD is compared with perturbative results. It is found that this identity, derived assuming ghost-ghost scattering can be neglected, is not consistent with perturbation theory. A new identity is derived at the one-loop perturbative level.

Classical ghost imaging has received considerable attention in recent years because of its remarkable ability to image a scene without direct observation by a light-detecting imaging device. In this article, we show that this imaging process is actually a realization of a paradigm known as dual photography, which has been shown to produce full-color dual (ghost) images of 3D objects with comple...

Gutzwiller's trace formula allows interpretation of the density of states of a classically chaotic quantum system in terms of classical periodic orbits. It diverges when periodic orbits undergo bifurcations and must be replaced with a uniform approximation in the vicinity of the bifurcations. As a characteristic feature, these approximations require the inclusion of complex ``ghost orbits''. By...

We study three type of star products in SFT: the ghosts, the twisted ghosts and the matter. We find that their Neumann coefficients are related to each other in a compact way which includes the Gross-Jevicki relation between matter and ghost sector: we explicity show that the same relation, with a minus sign, holds for the twisted and nontwisted ghost (which are different but define the same so...

Ghost images are obtained by correlating the output of a single-pixel (bucket) photodetector—which collects light that has been transmitted through or reflected from an object—with the output from a high spatial-resolution scanning photodetector or photodetector array whose illumination has not interacted with that object. The term “ghost image” is apt because neither detector’s output alone ca...