The objective of this paper is to develop a conceptual model for client-vendor distance in global IS outsourcing relationships as previous research on this issue is scarce. A multi-dimensional construct is deductively developed deploying the theory of psychic distance as a theoretical lens. A key finding is that client-vendor distance in global IS outsourcing relationships is constituted by sev...

This vignette describes gdistance, an R package which provides functionality to calculate various distance measures and routes in heterogeneous geographic spaces represented as grids. Distances are fundamental to geospatial analysis (Tobler 1970). The most commonly used geographic distance measure is the great-circle distance, which represents the shortest line between two points, taking into a...

Offshore software development projects provoke new issues to the collaborative endeavor of software development due to their global distribution and involvement of various people, processes, and tools. These problems relate to the geographical distance and the associated time-zone differences; cultural, organizational, and process issues; as well as language problems. However, existing tool sup...

a place-name or a toponym is a word used to indicate, denote or identify a geographic locality. place-names are formed in the course of history of a region and are affected by various linguistic, social, political and cultural events. toponymy is the taxonomic study of place-names, based on etymological, historical and geographical information. this paper first defines toponym and topnymy and i...

Spatial data mining focuses on searching rules of the geographical statement, the structures of distribution and the spatial patterns of phenomena. However, many methods ignore the temporal information, thus, limited results describing the statement of spatial phenomena. This paper focuses on developing a mining method which directly detects spatial-temporal association rules hidden in the geog...

the ideal order which is based on the unity of islamic nation is basically opposedto present geographical order that is based on the traditional and westfally order. itseems that basic dishormony of islam ideological order can be analayzed withwestfally, in the following dimension: isalm concentrates on the ideologicalborders, the national branch base and the rejecting the national gevernment.a...

This paper focuses on private sources of knowledge specifically customers and competitors as sources of innovative activity. Our main argument is that the two sources are correlated even after controlling for several factors at the level of technology, individual and organization. What is more, we show that the geographical distance of these sources modifies the intensity of this correlation, i...

This empirical study focuses on the impact of an information technology (IT), specifically electronic mail (e-mail), on three basic organization components: structure, people, and tasks. An Organizational Interaction Diamond (OID) model is developed illustrating how each component enables changes in other components interacting with the organization’s internal and external environments. The org...

Globally distributed software development is facing challenges brought by geographic distance, temporal separation, and cultural diversity. Yet research regarding the impact of temporal separation and cultural differences is limited. This paper draws on an interpretive case study to examine the influence of culture on temporal separation and coordination of globally distributed software develop...