We have developed a prototype system in which a user can fuse up to 4 modalities (or 4 spectral bands) of imagery previously registered to one another with respect to a 3D terrain model. The color fused imagery can be draped onto the terrain to support interactive 3D flythrough. The fused imagery, and its opponent-sensor contrasts, can be further processed to yield extended boundary contours an...

Phenotypic plasticity has been suggested as the main mechanism for species persistence under a global change scenario, and also as one of the main mechanisms that alien species use to tolerate and invade broad geographic areas. However, contrasting with this central role of phenotypic plasticity, standard models aimed to predict the effect of climatic change on species distributions do not allo...

In today’s Internet core, routers store forwarding state proportional to the number of edge networks. As the Internet grows and core line rates increase, routers require memories that are increasingly fast and large—and are correspondingly increasingly expensive and difficult to engineer. In this paper, we present Reduced-State Routing (RSR), in which core routers require state only concerning ...

Geographic patterns in body size are often associated with latitude, elevation, or environmental and climatic variables. This study investigated patterns of body size and cell size of the green anole lizard, Anolis carolinensis, and potential associations with geography or climatic variables. Lizards were sampled from 19 populations across the native range, and body size, red blood cell size an...

This study analyzed the characteristics of Korean pine (Pinus koraiensis) functional trait responses to geographic and climatic factors in the eastern region of Northeast China (41°-48°N) and the linear relationships among Korean pine functional traits, to explore this species' adaptability and ecological regulation strategies under different environmental conditions. Korean pine samples were c...

"We report on a project that converted subnational population data to a raster of cells on the earth. We note that studies using satellites as collection devices yield results indexed by latitude and longitude. Thus it makes sense to assemble the terrestrial arrangement of people in a compatible manner. This alternative is explored here, using latitude/longitude quadrilaterals as bins for popu...

Chronotype and cognitive ability are two human phenotypes with an uneven geographic distribution due to both selective migration causal environmental effects. In our study, we aimed examine the relationship between variables, chronotype. We used a large anonymized sample (n = 25,700, mostly from USA, UK, Canada Australia) of dating site users estimate chronotype questionnaire responses using it...

Geographic names have always been important identifiers. People typically use names and not coordinates to identify geographic features. Therefore to establish identity beyond coordinates, name disambiguation is required to identify the exact geographic feature that is denoted by a name. This paper introduces an ontology-based approach to disambiguate geographical names in texts. The ontology d...

Geodesy is the science of measurement or mapping of the properties of the Earth’s surface. A good example of an interesting problem in geodesy is the gravitation acceleration g(λ) on earth as a function of the latitude λ = π/2 − θ. (The angle θ in spherical coordinates is sometimes called the co-latitude angle.) For background, also read Marion # 10-7 and 10-20. Newton already suggested in Prin...

BACKGROUND We noticed that a hypothesis based on the effect of geomagnetic disturbances (GMD) has the ability to explain special features of multiple sclerosis (MS). Areas around geomagnetic 60 degree latitude (GM60L) experience the greatest amount of GMD. The easiest way to evaluate our hypothesis was to test the association of MS prevalence (MSP) with angular distance to geomagnetic 60 degree...