fractional flow analysis confirms the advantages of surfactant alternative gas injection (sag) in enhanced oil recovery, but an adsorption phenomenon that has been affected by several factors, weakens the effectiveness of sag injection. in this study, the effects of sacrificial agent, gas phase, and surfactant concentration on adsorption density on silica mineral were investigated by static and...

Predicting the Hydrate Stability Zones of Natural Gases Using Artificial Neural Networks — A feed-forward artificial neural network with 19 input variables (temperature, gas hydrate structure, gas composition and inhibitor concentration in aqueous phase) and 35 neurons in single hidden layer has been developed for estimating hydrate dissociation pressures of natural gases in the presence/absenc...

in recent decades energy sector has been most important division in sociopolitical national and international dialogs. policy making in energy sector in iran is a strategic subject because of independency of our national revenue to oil & gas export in one way and huge oil & gas reservoirs in iran (137 billion barrel in oil and 28.3 million cubic meter in gas) in other hand. this paper investiga...

Large amounts of global sources of remote natural reserves gas are identified along with the main objective to allow energy contained in to be moved economically to the market. The current options that are adopted to export natural gas are basically two:1. To liquefy the gas and ship it as LNG (Liquefied Natural Gas). 2. To convert it to bulk petrochemicals in particular methanol or ammonia and...

Oil and natural gas from deep shale formations are transforming the United States economy and its energy outlook. Back in 2005, the US Energy Information Administration published projections of United States natural gas supply that stressed the need to develop an import infrastructure (1): by 2025, imports would account for almost one-third of United States consumption. When we compare those fo...

By increasing the extraction of natural gas, its role in the restructured power systems is being expanded, due to its lower pollution. Iran has the second largest reserves of natural gas in the world and exports it to different countries. This paper represents long run analysis of natural gas export from Iran to Turkey as a case study, considering direct transfer and exporting via the power mar...

It is broadly accepted that so-called 'thermal' gas is the product of thermal cracking, 'primary' thermal gas from kerogen cracking, and 'secondary' thermal gas from oil cracking. Since thermal cracking of hydrocarbons does not generate products at equilibrium and thermal stress should not bring them to equilibrium over geologic time, we would not expect methane, ethane, and propane to be at eq...

The main challenge facing the oil industry is to reduce development costs while accelerating recovery with maximizing reserves. One of the key enabling technologies in this area is intelligent well completions. Intelligent well technology (IWT) is a relatively new technology that has been adopted by many operators in recent years to improve oil and gas recovery. Intelligent well completions emp...

Microscopic oil displacement of water flooding and sweep efficiency of continuous gas injection could be improved by water alternating gas (WAG) injection. The WAG injection process aims to squeeze more oil out of the reservoirs; in this method, water and gas are alternatively injected into the reservoir. Also, availability of hydrocarbon or CO2 gases in the field makes it attractive for gas-ba...