Molecular chaperones control a multitude of cellular functions via folding chaperone-specific client proteins. CD4+FOXP3+ Tregs play key roles in maintaining peripheral tolerance, which is subject to regulation by multiple molecular switches, including mTOR and hypoxia-inducible factor. It is not clear whether GP96 (also known as GRP94), which is a master TLR and integrin chaperone, controls Tr...

Pterocarpus santalinus L.f. (Red Sanders) is an endemic and endangered species largely confined to the southern portion of the Eastern Ghats, Andhra Pradesh, India. To understand its ecological and geographic distribution, we used ecological niche modelling (ENM) based on field sample-based distributional information, in relation to climatic and topographic datasets. Before modelling, hierarchi...

Chloroplast biogenesis is a complex process that requires close co-ordination between two genomes. Many of the proteins that accumulate in the chloroplast are encoded by the nuclear genome, and the developmental transition from proplastid to chloroplast is regulated by nuclear genes. Here we show that a pair of Golden 2-like (GLK) genes regulates chloroplast development in Arabidopsis. The GLK ...

Abstract Stress emanating from drought condition is one of the inevitable conditions that occurs in many environments and spread across borders results severe hindrance to morphology, physiology, biochemistry molecular attributes plants. Highland barley tolerance has been demonstrated be a polygenic related characteristic genetic composition can assist dissecting gene network(s) controlling nee...

Seven polymorphisms in the matrilin-3 (MATN3) gene were previously tested for genetic association with hand osteoarthritis (OA) in an Icelandic cohort. One of the variants, involving a conserved amino acid substitution (T303M; SNP5), was related to idiopathic hand OA. T303M and two other promising polymorphisms (rs2242190; SNP3, rs8176070; SNP6) were investigated for association with radiograph...

In the tsetse fly, the protozoan parasite Trypanosoma congolense is covered by a dense layer of glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored molecules. These include a protease-resistant surface molecule (PRS), which is expressed by procyclic forms early in infection, and a glutamic acid- and alanine-rich protein (GARP), which appears at later stages. Since neither of these surface antigens is e...

Qualitative computer simulations have great potential for teaching people to understand and interact with their physical environment. Prerequisite for using that potential, is that these simulations can be explained to humans in ways that they comprehend. Preferably, these explanations should be generated on the basis of the qualitative models that underly the simulations, to avoid having to ha...

DNA amplification at band q13 of chromosome 11 is common in breast cancer, and CCND1 and EMS1 remain the strongest candidate genes. However, amplification patterns are consistent with the existence of four cores of amplification, suggesting the involvement of additional genes. Here we present evidence strongly suggesting the involvement of the recently characterized EMSY gene in the formation o...