GAPDH (D-glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase) is a multifunctional protein that is a target for the design of antitrypanosomatid and anti-apoptosis drugs. Here, the first high-resolution (1.75 Angstroms) structure of a human GAPDH is reported. The structure shows that the intersubunit selectivity cleft that has been leveraged in the design of antitrypanosomatid compounds is closed in human...

Heme proteins play essential roles in biology, but little is known about heme transport inside mammalian cells or how heme is inserted into soluble proteins. We recently found that nitric oxide (NO) blocks cells from inserting heme into several proteins, including cytochrome P450s, hemoglobin, NO synthases, and catalase. This finding led us to explore the basis for NO inhibition and to identify...

Knowledge of the cellular targets of ROS (reactive oxygen species) and their regulation is an essential prerequisite for understanding ROS-mediated signalling. GAPDH (glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase) is known as a major target protein in oxidative stresses and becomes thiolated in its active site. However, the molecular and functional changes of oxidized GAPDH, the inactive form, have ...

Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) protein levels increase in particulate fractions in association with cell death in HEK293 cells, S49 cells, primary thymocytes, PC12 cells, and primary cerebral cortical neuronal cultures. Subcellular fractionation and immunocytochemistry reveal that this increase primarily reflects nuclear translocation. Nuclear GAPDH is tightly bound, resisting...

background and objective: rapid diagnosis of pertussis is important for the timely isolation of the infection source and early prevention measures among the contact persons, especially among non-vaccinated infants for whom pertussis is life- threatening. materials and methods: targets is481 , is1001, bp0026 and human gapdh gene were used to develop a multiplex real- time pcr assay based on the ...

Antisense oligonucleotides against the glycolytic enzyme glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) are able to reduce some forms of apoptosis. In those forms, overall GAPDH levels increase and the enzyme accumulates in the nucleus. The monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) inhibitor, (-)-deprenyl (DEP), its metabolite (-)-desmethyldeprenyl, and a tricyclic DEP analog, CGP3466, can reduce apoptosis...

Using 2-dimensional electrophoresis and ion-pair chromatography, we have identified elements of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) multiprotein complexes that are reactive to antibodies in sera from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Among the various elements of the complexes, a 37 kDa protein (PI 8.5) that specifically reacted with SLE sera, but not with sera from patients wit...

We have shown that a Mr 37,000 protein whose expression is strongly enhanced in human lung cancer tissues is the subunit of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (GAPDH, EC 1.2.1.12). We have isolated a GAPDH complementary DNA from human lung cancer cells and deduced the complete amino acid sequence of the encoded protein. The structure of the lung cancer GAPDH is identical to that of liver GAPDH. In addi...

The glycolytic enzyme glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) signals during cellular stress via several post-translational modifications that change its folding properties, protein-protein interactions and sub-cellular localization. We examined GAPDH properties in acute mouse liver injury due to ethanol and/or acetaminophen (APAP) treatment. Synergistic robust and time-dependent nucle...