Grb2-associated binding (Gab) scaffolding/adapter proteins are a family of three members including mammalian Gab1, Gab2, and Gab3 that are highly conserved. Since the discovery of these proteins, there has been an extensive amount of work done to better understand Gab functional roles in multiple signaling pathways, typically acting as a downstream effectors of receptor-tyrosine kinase (RTK)-tr...

We prove two theorems which concern difficulties in the formulation of the quantum theory of a linear scalar field on a spacetime, (M,gab), with a compactly generated Cauchy horizon. These theorems demonstrate the breakdown of the theory at certain base points of the Cauchy horizon, which are defined as ‘past terminal accumulation points’ of the horizon generators. Thus, the theorems may be int...

In a 5-dimensional spacetime (M, gab) with a Killing vector field ξ a which is either everywhere timelike or everywhere spacelike, the collection of all trajectories of ξ gives a 4-dimensional space S. The reduction of (M, gab) is studied in the geometric language, which is a generalization of Geroch’s method for the reduction of 4-dimensional spacetime. A 4dimensional gravity coupled to a vect...

This paper compares the water sorption behavior of commercial microcrystalline celluloses with those of cellulose II materials using several nonlinear models. Aqueous dispersions of cellulose II were spray-dried employing an inlet drying air temperature of 195 °C; atomizing air pressure of 1.0 kg-f/cm; drying air flow-rate of 0.44 m/min; feed flow-rate of 2.0 mL/min and nozzle diameter of 0.7 m...

Brane-world models, where observers are restricted to a brane in a higher dimensional spacetime, offer a novel perspective on cosmology. I discuss some approaches to cosmology in extra dimensions and some interesting aspects of gravity and cosmology in brane-world models. COSMOLOGY AFTER EINSTEIN A century after Einstein first proposed his theory of relativity, it has become a cornerstone of th...

A class of metrics gab(x i) describing spacetimes with horizons (and associated thermodynamics) can be thought of as a limiting case of a family of metrics gab(x i;λ) without horizons when λ → 0. I construct specific examples in which the curvature corresponding gab(x i;λ) becomes a Dirac delta function and gets concentrated on the horizon when the limit λ → 0 is taken, but the action remains f...

We make a detailed study of locally inner actions on C∗-algebras whose primitive ideal spaces have locally compact Hausdorff complete regularizations. We suppose that G has a representation group and compactly generated abelianization Gab. Then if the complete regularization of Prim(A) is X , we show that the collection of exterior equivalence classes of locally inner actions of G on A is param...

A powerful replica molding methodology to transfer on-demand functional topographies to the surface of bacterial cellulose nanofiber textures is presented. With this method, termed guided assembly-based biolithography (GAB), a surface-structured polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) mold is introduced at the gas-liquid interface of an Acetobacter xylinum culture. Upon bacterial fermentation, the generate...

Cells sustain high rates of actin filament elongation by maintaining a large pool of actin monomers above the critical concentration for polymerization. Profilin-actin complexes constitute the largest fraction of polymerization-competent actin monomers. Filament elongation factors such as Ena/VASP and formin catalyze the transition of profilin-actin from the cellular pool onto the barbed end of...