We state several conditions under which comultiplication and weak comultiplication modulesare cyclic and study strong comultiplication modules and comultiplication rings. In particular,we will show that every faithful weak comultiplication module having a maximal submoduleover a reduced ring with a finite indecomposable decomposition is cyclic. Also we show that if M is an strong comultiplicati...

 Let $R$ be a commutative ring and $M$ be an $R$-module with $T(M)$ as subset, the set of torsion elements. The total graph of the module denoted by $T(Gamma(M))$, is the (undirected) graph with all elements of $M$ as vertices, and for distinct elements $n,m in M$, the vertices $n$ and $m$ are adjacent if and only if $n+m in T(M)$. In this paper we study the domination number of $T(Gamma(M))$ a...

This paper deals with the joint verification of the inequalities of Modus Ponens and Modus Tollens in Fuzzy Logic. Although the case of Modus Ponens was partially considered before, the case of Modus Tollens and the joint satisfaction of both inequalities are studied by the first time. The cases of R-implications, Simplications, Q-implications and MamdaniLarsen implications are separatedly cons...

in this paper, a fuzzy version of the analytic form of hahn-banachextension theorem is given. as application, the hahn-banach theorem for$r$-fuzzy bounded linear functionals on $r$-fuzzy normedlinear spaces is obtained.

we consider the class $mathfrak m$ of $bf r$--modules where $bf r$ is an associative ring. let $a$ be a module over a group ring $bf r$$g$, $g$ be a group and let $mathfrak l(g)$ be the set of all proper subgroups of $g$. we suppose that if $h in mathfrak l(g)$ then $a/c_{a}(h)$ belongs to $mathfrak m$. we investigate an $bf r$$g$--module $a$ such that $g not = g'$, $c_{g}(a) = 1$. we stud...

let $r$ be a commutative ring and $m$ be an $r$-module with $t(m)$ as subset,   the set of torsion elements. the total graph of the module denoted   by $t(gamma(m))$, is the (undirected) graph with all elements of   $m$ as vertices, and for distinct elements  $n,m in m$, the   vertices $n$ and $m$ are adjacent if and only if $n+m in t(m)$. in this paper we   study the domination number of $t(ga...

‎Let $R$ be a domain with quotiont field $K$‎, ‎and‎ ‎let $N$ be a submodule of an $R$-module $M$‎. ‎We say that $N$ is‎ ‎powerful (strongly primary) if $x,yin K$ and‎ ‎$xyMsubseteq N$‎, ‎then $xin R$ or $yin R$ ($xMsubseteq N$‎ ‎or $y^nMsubseteq N$ for some $ngeq1$)‎. ‎We show that a submodule‎ ‎with either of these properties is comparable to every prime‎ ‎submodule of $M$‎, ‎also we show tha...

we introduce the class of “right almost v-rings” which is properly between the classes of right v-rings and right good rings. a ring r is called a right almost v-ring if every simple r-module is almost injective. it is proved that r is a right almost v-ring if and only if for every r-module m, any complement of every simple submodule of m is a direct summand. moreover, r is a right almost v-rin...