Late 19th century Gestalt psychologists rebelled against the tenants of traditional epistemology and newly defined psychophysics. They introduced powerful new ideas. These ideas were supported by a myriad of experiments showing that the whole is not the sum of the parts. These appearance experiments include Simultaneous Contrast, Gelb’s doorway, and Benary’s Cross. The traditional Gestalt expla...

In the present Part I, we will present some fundamental notions frequently used in economics. The sequence of the ideas to be discussed is not chosen arbitrarily. On the contrary, the discussion of each concept will generate a question leading directly to the following one. At the beginning of our journey through economic thinking we refer to the observation that human beings are endowed (and b...

In the present Part I, we will present some fundamental notions frequently used in economics. The sequence of the ideas to be discussed is not chosen arbitrarily. On the contrary, the discussion of each concept will generate a question leading directly to the following one. At the beginning of our journey through economic thinking we refer to the observation that human beings are endowed (and b...

In the present Part I, we will present some fundamental notions frequently used in economics. The sequence of the ideas to be discussed is not chosen arbitrarily. On the contrary, the discussion of each concept will generate a question leading directly to the following one. At the beginning of our journey through economic thinking we refer to the observation that human beings are endowed (and b...

Lech Schulz Department of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University Poznan, Poland A preliminary notion of a complex system is regarded as a collection consisting of more elementary components such that they constitute a unified species with an increased complexity [1]. This concept comes from the contraposition of the whole and its elements. Constituting the whole members of a complex collection c...

This research examines the relationships between satisfaction of psychological needs (belongingness and distinctiveness) on affective cognitive attitudes (job commitment). Specifically, this study evaluates how one need compensates for lack other need. Overall found that can, in certain circumstances, compensate a different Results implications are presented through JDR framework. offers an imp...

This article approaches Sirius (1944), by Olaf Stapledon, from a perspective that brings together literary animal studies and ecocriticism. The eponymous main character of this science fiction novel is genetically-modified dog who struggles between the human realms, being unable to belong either urban or natural spaces. I argue work carries out an exercise blurring boundaries, thus proposing al...

objective: this research aimed at evaluating the moderator role of school connection on the impact of violent friends towards aggressive behaviors in adolescent students of tehran high schools. methods: a sample of 3529 participants from tehran high school students was selected using multistage sampling method. participants completed school connection questionnaire (scq), iranian adolescents ri...