UnChol Choe, YongChol Sin, CholGuk Yun Kim Il Sung University, Pyongyang, Democratic People’s Republic of Korea Abstract In this paper a method to design the electrode protection system using arc current and voltage and pressure inside the hydraulic cylinder of electrode lift device of an 100t ultra high power furnace (UHP furnace) and confident factor(CF) and Lyapnov function, and then we vali...

The synthesis of LiNbO(3) nanoparticles in SBA-15 is reported for the first time. The preparation of nanoparticles was carried out by impregnation from the metal precursor and mesoporous silica SBA-15 as the template. A rapid one-step treatment in an IR furnace reduces the preparation time to only 10 min. In comparison, a conventional furnace requires 5 h reaction time to produce nanoparticles ...

Peat with an approximate 60% carbon content collected in the suburbs of Palangka Raya, Indonesia, was carbonized, followed by activation with steam in an electric furnace. The resultant activated carbon (AC) had ca. 900 m/g of BET surface area and 1000 mg/g of iodine adsorption. This performance implies that this AC can be used as an adsorbent for environmental purification. We had a carbonizin...

The Bridgman furnace is widely used in industry and research. This paper outlines a working 1-dimensional model for tracking the columnar solidification front in a Bridgman furnace where the pulling velocity, and hence front position, change as a function of time. The front tracking model is applied to a fixed grid of control volumes using an explicit numerical finite difference scheme to solve...

This paper presents a new application of a fractional order control system which controls the input energy to a three phase electric arc furnace. Graphite electrodes are used to convert electrical energy into heat via phase electric arcs. Constant arc length is desirable as it implies steady energy transfer from the graphite electrodes to the metallic charge in the furnace bath. With the charge...

We report on the Czochralski method for single silicon crystal growth and discuss heat and mass transfer and defect formation in the crystal. A re ector was used for separation of the heating and cooling areas in the furnace enabling us to speed up crystal growth. The melt ow to stabilize the temperature distribution in a crucible was controlled using transverse magnetic elds in a large-scale s...

Dry ashing procedures can often take from several hours to overnight for completion. Typically, these analyses are performed using resistance muffle furnaces. A review of an alternative dry ashing technique which utilizes microwave instrumentation will be presented. Examples of microwave dry ashing procedures where sample analysis times are reduced to minutes will be shown. A variety of sample ...

A new methodology for the modeling of unsteady, nonpremixed, axisymmetric reacting ow in industrial furnaces is presented. The method is an extension of previous work by the authors to complex geometries, multistep kinetics mechanisms, and realistic properties, especially thermochemical data. The walls of the furnace are represented as an embedded boundary in a uniform, rectangular grid. The gr...

This paper deals with the application of multi-agent system concept for optimization of dynamic uncertain process. These problems are known to have a computationally demanding objective function, which could turn to be infeasible when large problems are considered. Therefore, fast approximations to the objective function are required. This paper employs bundle of intelligent systems algorithms ...

Amathematical model of a direct-fired continuous strip annealing furnace is developed. The first-principle model uses the heat balance to describe the dynamic behavior of the strip and the rolls. Themass and the enthalpy balance are employed to calculate themass, the composition, and the temperature of the flue gas. The heat conduction equation of the furnace wall is discretized bymeans of the ...