the saprophyte fungi such as penicillium are common microorganisms on oak seed that have negative effects on germination. for isolation and identification species of penicillium associated with chestnut-leaved oak (quercus castaneifolia) seed and investigation the effect of moisture on its frequency, during in autumn 2007 four sampling at any region was selected in gorgan province including: sh...

Introduction: Pulmonary fungus ball is a rare complication in pre-existing pulmonary cavitary lesions, due to some chronic pulmonary diseases including tuberculosis, lung abscess and sarcoidosis. Fungus ball is mostly caused by aspergillus. In many patients, fungus ball is asymptomatic, but in a significant number of them it can develop cough and hemoptysis, which may be massive and fatal. The ...

In the last years, there is a growing demand for plants used in traditional medicine. Licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra) contains different phytocompounds, that have demonstrated various pharmacological activities. The endophytic fungus, Piriformospora indica, has been reported to enhance the growth of host plants and allow them to survive under abiotic and biotic stress. This study was undertaken t...

horizontal transmission of an isolate of the etomopathogenic fungus, beauveria bassiana kcf102, was examined by allowing inoculated eurygaster integriceps put. adults to mate with non-inoculated ones. in case of susceptibility to b. bassiana, there was no significant difference between the males and females. however, there was significant difference among treatments for mortality of non-inocula...

ABSTRACT A series of laboratory tests were conducted to investigate potential effects of fungus gnat (Bradysia impatiens) feeding damage on susceptibility of geranium seedlings (Pelargonium x hortorum) to infection by the root rot pathogen Pythium aphanidermatum. Effects were compared with those from similar tests in which the seedlings were mechanically wounded by severing the root tip with a ...

Fungus-growing termites (subfamily Macrotermitinae, Isoptera) cultivate fungal crops (genus Termitomyces, Basidiomycotina) in gardens inside their colonies. Those fungus gardens are continuously provided with plant substrates, whereas older parts that have been well decomposed by the fungus are consumed (cf.). Fungus-growing termites are found throughout the Old World tropics, in rain forests a...

The year 2007 marks the 10th anniversary of the approval of letrozole (Femara) in the United States, while 2006 marked not only the 10-year milestone of letrozole’s approval in Europe but also the 25th anniversary of Novartis’s (then Ciba-Geigy [1970–1996]) dedication to the aromatase inhibitor (AI) program. It began with the introduction of the first-generation AI aminoglutethimide (Orimeten) ...

entomopathogenic fungi produce a variety of degrading enzymes, including proteases, chitinases and lipases, to facilitate their entry through the massive barriers of insect cuticle. isolates of the entomopathogenic fungi vary considerably in their proteolytic activity and virulence. the proteolytic activity of different isolates has been hypothesized to reflect their virulence toward the host. ...

Today, rocky monuments are being exposed to different physical, chemical and biological factors and therefore going to be ruined. One of physical destructive factors is growing of fungus and lichens on the rocks. This research aims to make use of silver nano-particles produced through microbial method in order to prevent</e...

The fungus Beauveria bassiana is naturally found in poultry houses and causes high rates of mortality in Alphitobius diaperinus. Laboratory and field experiments have shown the potential of this fungus as an insect control agent. However, in poultry houses, bacteria as Salmonella, can be found and have been studied alternative control methods for this pathogen. Thus, this study aimed to evaluat...