We evaluate practical power conversion efficiency limits lim in bulk-heterojunction organic photovoltaic BHJ OPV cells and how the field dependence of exciton dissociation affects cell efficiencies. We treat the fill factor limit as a function of the donor-acceptor lowest unoccupied molecular orbital offset energy ELLO , calculating how this limit varies with decreasing ELLO. We also evaluate O...

important and necessary phase in identifying the public transport system has survey and analysis of system ability in reply to existence demand and determine the its functional characters .the optimal control of a public transport system required to analytic studies for identifying the characteristics of system in before, during and after implementation phases . in this article, the efficiency ...

We investigated the large-scale functional cortical connectivity network in focal hand dystonia (FHD) patients using graph theoretic measures to assess efficiency. High-resolution EEGs were recorded in 15 FHD patients and 15 healthy volunteers at rest and during a simple sequential finger tapping task. Mutual information (MI) values of wavelet coefficients were estimated to create an associatio...

background the efficiency of nasal surgeries can be determined by objective or subjective methods. we have assessed the effect of nasal obstruction after different nasal surgeries using acoustic rhinometry (ar) and nasal obstruction symptom evaluation (nose) scale. methods between may 2011 and may 2012, 40 young adult patients and 10 healthy volunteers as control group who referred to otorhinol...