We derive an analytical formulation of the Raman-induced frequency shift experienced by a fundamental soliton. By including propagation losses, self-steepening, and dispersion slope, resulting is high-order (HO) extension well-known Gordon’s formula for soliton self-frequency (SSFS). The HO-SSFS agrees closely with numerical results generalized nonlinear Schrödinger equation, but without comput...

Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology is an automated identification technology which is widely used to identify and track all kind of objects. However, it is a challenging task to design an authentication protocol because of the limited resource of Lightweight RFID tags. Recently, a lightweight RFID authentication protocol and an ownership transfer of RFID tags are presented by Kuls...

The Tiny Encryption Algorithm (TEA) is a suitable lightweight cryptographic algorithm used in medium security systems such as RFID systems. The TEA is a fiestel structure used to satisfy the confusion and the diffusion properties to hide the statistical characteristics of the plaintext. However, TEA has few weaknesses, most notably from equivalent keys and related-key attacks. So, a Modified TE...