the importance of writing as a complex skill in applied linguistics has drawn the attention of many researchers to evaluate textbooks in order to help learners gain self-sufficiency and autonomy in the field of language use and communication. investigations have shown that developments in textbooks evaluation can promote the quality of pedagogies and consequently the learning. this study attemp...

Background and purpose: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common tumor of the head and neck. XRCC1 is a DNA repair gene and there are controversies about the association between XRCC1 gene polymorphism (RS1799782) in pathogenesis and susceptibility to OSCC. The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between XRCC1 (rs1799782) gene polymorphism and its dominant all...

the debate whether esp teachers need to have knowledge of the specialized field they are teaching has been an issue in the literature over the last two decades. the aim of conducting this study was to explore iranian learners’ and instructors’ beliefs and attitudes concerning the role of specialized knowledge in teaching esp classes. a seventeen item questionnaire was administered to 400 esp le...

Abstract Background and Aim: Gastric cancer is one of the most common malignancies in the world. Genetic background is known to be one of the risk factors for gastric cancer. One of the genes that have been shown to be involved in various cancers, including gastric cancer, is the MCC gene. There are many SNPs in the MCC gene in the encoding and regulatory regions, one of which is rs9122, which ...

Background: The outcome of acute hepatitis B infection may be influenced by host genetic factors like human leukocyte antigen (HLA). To investigate the association between the HLA-DRB, DQA1 and DQB1 alleles and chronic hepatitis B infection, 50 patients with chronic hepatitis B (based on 6 months positive of HBsAg and HBc antibody and HBeAg and antibody by serological test), were selected from ...

abstract: the present study is an attempt to find out cultural exophoric references in iranian high-school elt textbooks and touch stone series to compare the frequency of occurrence of such references in these books. the purpose is to find out which of the series of the books under investigation impose a greater referential burden on efl learners as far as their reading comprehension of the ...

Background: The scavenger receptor class B type I (SR-BI), as the high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) receptor, is a key component in the reverse cholesterol transportation. The objective of this study was to assess the association between exon1 (G→A) polymorphism of SR-BI gene and lipid profiles among the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study (TLGS) population. Methods: This cross-se...