The 3.22-3.10 Ga old Moodies Group, uppermost unit of the Swaziland Supergroup in the Barberton Greenstone Belt (BGB), is the oldest exposed, well-preserved quartz-rich sedimentary sequence on earth. It is preserved in structurally separate blocks in a heavily deformed fold-and-thrust belt. North of the Inyoka Fault, Moodies strata reach up to 3700 m in thickness. Detailed mapping, correlation ...

COLOURLESS, purple, and pink topaz and transparent quartz crystals have been found in calcite veins (with or without milky quartz) in calcareous rocks near Katlang (34 ~ 24' N, 72 ~ 6' E), Mardan district. The veins do not contain any fluorite nor the country rocks any topaz. The topaz and transparent quartz crystals are mostly broken and perfectly euhedral outlines are very rare. Refractive in...

About 35 km from São Paulo, near Colônia, there is a conspicuous ring feature, 3.64 km in diameter, centered at 23 o 52'S, 46 o 42'20"W, within Precambrian crystalline basement rocks, and defined by a hilly circular outer rim up to 125m higher than an inner alluvial plain presently occupied by a swamp. The crater is filled with organic-rich clayey sediments of Quaternary age. Seismic survey ind...

Hard rock aquifers for the purpose of this Paper mean the non-carbonate, fractured rock aquifers in the terrain covered by crystalline basement complex, metamorphic rocks and also by extensive effusive volcanic rocks like the basalts of western India (Deccan traps. Ground water development in hard rock aquifer areas has always played a secondary role compared to that in the areas having high-yi...

The Quchan fault is located in Quchan - Shirvan area which is a part of Chenaran- Bojnourd plain in Kopeh-Dagh zone, NE Iran. The Quchan active fault with northwest – southeast trending is one of the most important strike-slip faults in the area which its activity led to the numerous historical and instrumental earthquakes. The Neo-tectonic activities of this fault are investigated by the drain...

The correct positioning of deep wells to monitor groundwater and entrained contaminants is greatly aided by using remote sensing methods. The geologic setting at the Anniston Army Depot (ANAD) consists of a sequence of fractured dolostones and clastic rocks that have been thrust-faulted, creating a highly complex and heterogeneous aquifer. The drilling of deep bedrock groundwater monitoring wel...

Isotopic studies of Canadian Rocky Mountain thrust faults preserve the timing and identity orogenic fluids their fault zone pathways. Using previously dated samples, we measure O- H-isotopic compositions gouge. These nearly 100% neomineralized gouges associated damage zones act as primary fluid As such, they provide a specific local look into nature Late Jurassic to Early Eocene plumbing system...

Abstract The crust beneath transform faults at slow-spreading ridges has been considered to be thin, comprising a thin mafic layer overlying serpentinized peridotite. Using wide-angle seismic data, we report the presence of Moho ?6 km depth and low-velocity anomaly extending down 9 20-km-wide Romanche valley floor in equatorial Atlantic Ocean. low crustal velocities above could due either highl...

Earthquakes are the result of slip along faults and are due to the decrease of rock frictional strength (dynamic weakening) with increasing slip and slip rate. Friction experiments simulating the abrupt accelerations (>>10 m/s2), slip rates (~1 m/s), and normal stresses (>>10 MPa) expected at the passage of the earthquake rupture along the front of fault patches, measured large fault dynamic we...

Fractures are planar discontinuities, i.e. interruption of the rock physical continuity, due to stresses. The geological fractures occur at every scale, so that any large volume of rock has some or many. These discontinuities are related to sudden elastic relaxation of elastic energy stored in the rock. The geological fractures have their economic importance. The loss of continuity in intact ro...