Membrane fouling during particle filtration occurs through a variety of mechanisms, including internal pore clogging by contaminants, coverage of pore entrances, and deposition on the membrane surface. Each of these fouling mechanisms results in a decline in the observed flow rate over time, and the decrease in filtration efficiency can be characterized by a unique signature formed by plotting ...

In this study, neat HDPE and HDPE/PE-g-MA/EVA blend membranes were fabricated via thermally induced phase separation (TIPS) method and their fouling behaviors were examined using filtration of BSA protein. Membranes were characterized using FESEM, AFM, ATR-FTIR analyses and porosity measurement. Fouling behavior of membranes was analyzed using the resistance-in-series (RIS), classic and combine...

A decision support system to reduce energy consumption has been validated during five months in a flat sheet membrane bioreactor pilot plant treating urban wastewater. Membrane bioreactor technology consists of biological nutrient removal combined with physical separation using microfiltration or ultrafiltration membranes for wastewater treatment. The main operational cost in membrane bioreacto...

Observations on functional morphology and results from experiments demonstrate that setiferous epipods compose the major gill-cleaning mechanism in a penaeoid shrimp, Rimapenaeus similis. Epipods on the second maxillipeds and on pereopods 1-3 are equipped with long setae bearing an array of digitate scale setules. These multidenticulate setae reach to most gills and are jostled among them durin...

Bio-fouling is a serious problem in many membrane-based separation processes for water and wastewater treatment. Current state of the art methods to overcome this are to modify the membranes with either hydrophilic additives or with an antibacterial compound. In this study, we propose and practise a novel concept to prevent bio-fouling by developing a killing and self-cleaning membrane surface ...

The effect of backwash frequency (15, 30 and 60 min) and influent flux (3.75, 7.50 and 11.25 L/h/m) on fouling amelioration in an innovative external side-stream dead-end microfiltration anaerobic membrane bioreactor (AnMBR) for the treatment of domestic wastewater at 25EC was investigated. During 6 months of reactor operation, a constant COD removal of 88% and an accumulation of 350 mg TSS/L/d...

This study compared membrane fouling in a sponge-submerged membrane bioreactor (SSMBR) and a conventional membrane bioreactor (CMBR) based on sludge properties when treating synthetic domestic wastewater. In the CMBR, soluble microbial products (SMP) in activated sludge were a major contributor for initial membrane fouling and presented higher concentration in membrane cake layer. Afterwards, m...

During the electrochemical analysis or disposal of most of phenolic compounds, insulated polymeric substrates are created and cover the electrode surface. This can cause the signal current to decay over time, which is called electrode fouling or electrode passivation. This paper describes a model based on the potential drop across the fouling layer that is helpful for deeper understanding of th...