Sense of control is greater among children who grow up in households of higher socioeconomic status. It is unclear if this childhood advantage persists throughout life or if schooling and adulthood experiences override any early childhood advantage. Using data from 2 nationally representative samples of primarily middle-aged (National Survey of Midlife Development in the United States, or MIDUS...

background and objectives:job burnout is a major source of healthcare human resources inefficiency with severe negative impact on patient care, physical-psychological health of staff, and healthcare costs. psychological empowerment is a relatively new concept showing promise in boosting different aspect of human resources management. in this study, we pursued the question of whether psychologic...

OBJECTIVE To investigate whether lifetime-trauma exposure predicts all-cause mortality and whether this association is mediated or moderated by perceived control. METHOD A sample of middle-aged and older adults (N = 4,961) who participated in the second wave of the Midlife in the United States Study (MIDUS) provided data. Lifetime trauma was operationalized using the reported number of potent...

The Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI) is a commonly used instrument for measuring individual differences in trait empathy. It is composed of the following four subscales: Perspective taking; fantasy; empathic concern; and personal distress. Previous studies have reported finding a positive relationship between psychological well-being and perspective taking, but little remains known about th...

The present article presents an integrative theoretical framework to explain and to predict psychological changes achieved by different modes of treatment. This theory states that psychological procedures, whatever their form, alter the level and strength of self-efficacy. It is hypothesized that expectations of personal efficacy determine whether coping behavior will be initiated, how much eff...

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES To evaluate factors affecting structural empowerment among nurse aides in nursing homes. BACKGROUND Structural empowerment can be defined as the actual rather than perceived ability to make autonomous decisions within an organisation. Given the paucity of research on the subject, this study helps to close the gap by identifying factors that affect nurse aide empowerment, t...

empowerment within an organization is an ability that provides decision making opportunity by developing the span of authority, and it caused the breakage of traditional hierarchy of organizational structure. among different dimensions of empowerment, its psychological dimension so has been considered by researchers in length of past years. knowledge sharing is one of the factors which effects ...