Grounded theory constitutes research methodology commonly used in the field of social sciences to investigate phenomena. This methodology, however, has rarely been second/foreign language education. Given that education may be viewed as a activity and certain issues studied from science perspectives, present article surveys key literature on grounded theory. The goal is help researchers assess ...

Foreign language education planning (FLEP) has been caught in the political turmoil and hustle of ongoing economic reform in the People’s Republic of China for several decades. This paper situates a recurring instrumentalist discourse of FLEP in China in the underlying language ideologies and historical contexts from 1949 to present day. Utilizing Cooper’s (1989) guiding question of “who makes ...

Sustainable development is a widely discussed topic. English language education plays the dominant role in China, but of languages other than (LOTEs) more important for sustainable development. Based on case study German education, this paper draws SWOT analysis to discuss current foreign China associated with We find that there are four trends China: promotion multilingual cultivation citizens...

The history of English test reform on secondary level in China is a reflection of Chinese development in recent 30 years. The stress on English language helps move on Chinese reform-and-open process. On the new historical step, there are some criticisms of English language and English language education in China. Particularly some people hold that it is necessary to reform the English tests, to...