this study was conducted to investigate the effect of organic and bio-fertilizers on trifluralin durability.herbicide persistence is an important consideration in crop production since residue levels of trifluralin herbicides can persist to the next growing season and may injure sensitive crops in the rotation. residues of trifluralin persist in the soil for long periods. extremely small amount...

Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the responses to carbadox and Cu additions in the postweaning diet of swine. The first trial contained 470 pigs in five replicates in a 2 x 5 factorial arrangement in a randomized complete block design. Weanling pigs 4-wk of age were fed diets containing 0 or 55 ppm carbadox and 0, 125, 250, 375 or 500 ppm Cu for a 5-wk period. Copper levels of 125 and...

A vertically integrated monopoly is compared to a decentralised market arrangement where production is segmented between a Labour Managed Firm producing an input used by a pro...t maximiser manufacturer of a ...nal good. Surprisingly, in some circumstances the decentralised vertical arrangement is superior to the integrated one. JEL Classi...cation: L12, L13, L 32, P13

Two experiments were conducted to examine the effect of the level of dietary crude protein and protein source on intestinal populations of Clostridium perfringens in broilers. In experiment 1, 6 groups of 12 birds were fed diets containing 230,315 or 400 g/kg crude protein with soy protein concentrate (SPC) or low-temperature-dried fishmeal as the major protein sources in a 2 x 3 factorial arra...

The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of dietary supplementation of turmeric (TEO) and rosemary (REO) essential oils on growth performance and oxidative stability of broiler meat. Five hundred forty day-old chickens (Cobb 500) were randomly allotted to a 3 × 3 factorial arrangement with three levels of turmeric essential oil (T1=0, T2=75 and T3=150 mg/kg) and three levels of...

From hatch to 18 d of age broilers were fed starter diets with (0.9 kg/ton) or without direct fed microbial (DFM). At 18 d, birds were weighed and, within DFM treatment (trt), randomly assigned to battery pens. In Exp 1, a 2 x 2 factorial arrangement of nutrient density [control (C, 19.3% protein (CP), 0.84%, Ca 0.37% nonphytin P (nPP); and 17.1% CP, 0.8% Ca, and 0.3% nPP in the grower (Gr) and...

Marigold has special importance and application in landscape designing. Nowadays, various species and cultivars of this plant are grown in many climates, where different environmental stresses such as freezing, salinity and drought can lead to vegetative disorders. This study was carried out to investigate the interactions between salinity and ammonium nitrate on seed germination, vegetative gr...

ABSTRACT- To evaluate effects of different soil moisture conditions namely, phosphorus (P) and zinc (Zn) application, on extractable Zn and Fe, two experiments were conducted in laboratory conditions based on a completely randomized design with a factorial arrangement of treatments with two replications. The first experiment was performed with the following factors; incubation time at four leve...

this experiment was carried out to study effect of supplementary multi enzyme (0, 4 gr per 100 kg of diet) to corn-soybean meal based diets with different levels of tomato pomace (tp, 0, 2, 4, 6 and 8 %, respectively) on chick performance and carcass traits. four hundred and eighty 480 day-old chicks (ross-308) were employed [four replicates (n=20)] in a completely randomized experimental desig...

Tests for dispersion effects in replicated two-level factorial experiments assuming a location-dispersion model are presented. The tests use individual measures of dispersion which remove the location effects and also provide an estimate of pure error. Empirical critical values for two such tests are given for two-level full or regular fractional factorial designs with 8, 16, 32 and 64 runs. Th...