Here we present the case of a 14-yr-old girl who developed thyroid follicular carcinoma accompanied by Graves' disease. She was diagnosed with Graves' disease at 10 yr of age and soon achieved a euthyroid state after starting treatment. When she was 13 yr of age, her hyperthyroidism and goiter worsened despite medical therapy. Multiple nodules were found in her enlarged thyroid gland by ultraso...

OBJECTIVE Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine cancer. This review evaluates the established use of (18)F-FDG PET/CT in papillary, follicular, Hürthle cell, anaplastic, and medullary thyroid cancers. The significance of incidental diffuse and focal thyroid FDG uptake is discussed. The evolving value of non-FDG radiotracers, including (124)I, (18)F-dihydroxyphenylalanine, and (68)Ga somat...

Distant metastases are a rare occurrence in differentiated thyroid cancer, and when detected in skin, often arise in the context of disseminated disease after many years of progression since diagnosis. This study presents the case of a 77-year-old female without known thyroid disease, who presented with metastases in the parieto-occipital scalp region, in which thyroid tissue was identified. Th...

INTRODUCTION Cauda equina secondary to metastatic follicular thyroid cancer of the lumbosacral area is a rare entity. CASE REPORT We report an unusual case of a 52-year-old male who presented with backache, lower limb weakness, and perianal numbness. A CT-scan of the lumbosacral area showed an enhancing mass at the L4, L5 and S1 vertebrae. Histopathology after excision revealed a metastatic t...

INTRODUCTION Common modes of presentation of follicular thyroid carcinoma include a solitary thyroid nodule and cervical lymphadenopathy. We report four patients who presented with axial skeletal metastases rather than the usual neck lumps. METHODS A review of a database of 389 cases of thyroid cancer, managed by our department from 1990 to 2003, was perfomed. Based on each patient's presenti...

OBJECTIVE To investigate the expression of connexin 43 (Cx43) in benign vs malignant thyroid tissue for potential use as a diagnostic marker. DESIGN Retrospective study. SUBJECTS Thyroid specimens were obtained from 50 patients who underwent partial or total thyroidectomy at the New York Eye and Ear Infirmary, New York, New York, between 1999 and 2007. They included goiter (n = 5), follicul...

A history of benign thyroid diseases has been associated with the risk of thyroid cancer. We have analyzed this issue using data from a case-control study conducted in northern Italy between 1986 and 1992 on 399 incident, histologically confirmed thyroid cancer cases and 617 controls admitted to the hospital for acute, nonneoplastic, non-hormone-related diseases. The overall multivariate relati...

Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) is known to increase intracytoplasmic cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and to regulate the growth of normal follicular cells. The aim of this study was to explore the role of the cAMP-mediated signaling pathway stimulated by TSH as a cell growth modulator in human thyroid cancer cells. One papillary thyroid cancer cell line, K1 cells and two anaplastic thy...

Thyroid cancer accounts for approximately 1% of total cancer cases in developed countries. The aim of this study has been to analyze the histopathological variants of thyroid tumours with regard to gender and age. Despite their relative rarity in our material, they exhibit a wide range of morphological patterns and biological behaviour. During the period from 2001-2007, 138 biopsy cases of thyr...

Carcinoma of the thyroid gland is an uncommon cancer, but one of the most frequent malignancies of the endocrine system. Most thyroid cancers are derived from the follicular cells. Follicular carcinoma is considered more malignant than papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), and anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) is one of the most lethal human cancers. Even though several genetic lesions have been alr...