This study aims to develop an Adaptive Network-based Fuzzy Inference System technique (ANFIS) and using the parameters of a complex mathematical model in the RO membrane performances. The ANFIS was constructed by using a subtractive clustering method to generate initial fuzzy inference systems. The model trained by 70% of the data set and then its validity is examined by remained 30% data set. ...

SDSS J0924+0219 is the most glaring example of a gravitational lens with anomalous flux ratios: optical broad-band photometry shows image D to be a factor of 12 fainter than expected for smooth lens potentials. We report spectroscopy showing that the anomaly is present in the broad emission line flux ratios as well. There are differences between the emission line and continuum flux ratios: the ...

The ratios between string tensions σD of color-electric flux tubes in higher and fundamental SU(3) representations, dD ≡ σD/σ3, are systematically studied in a Weyl symmetric formulation of the DGL theory. The ratio is found to depend on the Ginzburg-Landau (GL) parameter, κ ≡ mχ/mB, the mass ratio between monopoles (mχ) and dual gauge bosons (mB). While the ratios dD follow a simple flux count...

In this paper, a multi-layer and multi-dish model was proposed for a multi-dish concentrator system. Based on the model, the flux distribution of focal plane was calculated by Monte Carlo ray tracing method (MCRTM). The results show that the multi-dish concentrator system is composed of three different focal length parabolic surfaces. The design parameters calculated from the model have a good ...

ods for measuring water flux (Hopmans et al., 2002; Mori et al., 2003; Ren et al., 2000; Wang et al., 2002). Soil water flux is an important hydrologic parameter, yet few techHeat pulse methods for measuring water flux are niques for measuring it in situ are available. Here we evaluate the based on measuring the convective transport of a heat heat pulse ratio method for measuring water flux. We...

In this study, condensation heat transfer coefficients of R-410A were obtained in flattened stainless tubes made from 5.0 mm inner diameter round tubes. The test range covered saturation temperature 45 , heat flux 10 °C kW/m, mass flux 100~400 kg/ms and quality 0.2~0.8. Results showed the effect of aspect ratio on condensation heat transfer coefficient was dependent on the flow pattern. For ann...

All bioconversions in cells derive from metabolism. Microbial metabolisms contain potential for bioconversions from simple source molecules to unlimited number of biochemicals and for degradation of even detrimental compounds. Metabolic fluxes are rates of consumption and production of compounds in metabolic reactions. Fluxes emerge as an ultimate phenotype of an organism from an integrated reg...

The emission-line flux ratio of [O iii]λ4363/[O iii]λ5007 is a useful diagnostic for the ionization mechanism and physical properties of narrow-line regions in active galactic nuclei. However, it is known that simple photoionization models underpredict this ratio. In this contribution, we report on some pieces of evidence that a large fraction of the [O iii]λ4363 emission arises from the dense ...

In the present paper, a three dimensional annular developing incompressible laminar flow through 270- degree curved pipe is numerically simulated. The dimensionless governing equations of continuity, momentums and energy are driven in toroidal coordinates. The governing equations are discretized by projection algorithm using forward difference in time and central difference in space. A three-di...