Coupled computational fluid dynamics and finite element analyses were used to determine the material properties of the egg and jelly layer of the sea urchin Arbacia punctulata. Prior experimental shear flow results were used to provide material parameters for these simulations. A Neo-Hookean model was used to model the hyperelastic behaviors of the jelly layer and egg. A simple compressive simu...

Although the eggs of salmon and trout have long been of interest to physiologists the extent to which the eggs are permeable to sodium ions is not clear from previous accounts. Freshly stripped salmon eggs contain 2-3 /t-equiv. Na/egg. During embryonic development the quantity of sodium in the egg remains approximately constant (Hayes, 1949), but sodium balance in the freshly stripped egg is co...

It is necessary to distinguish new and old gypsy moth, Lymantria dispar (L.), egg masses when conducting gypsy moth population surveys. Egg masses within reach from the ground are touched to determine if they contain unhatched eggs and thus are considered new. The following 2 methods are used for egg masses not within reach: (1) visual discrimination between new and old egg masses or (2) by cal...

The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) that had been biologically synthesized by Bacillus licheniformis to counteract deoxynivalenol (DON) toxicity in laying hens. Ninety-six healthy, 20-week-old laying hens were randomly assigned to four treatment groups, each of which included 3 replicates of 8 layers, and fed four different diets: an uncontami...

Reproduction exacts a price in terms of decreased survival. Our analysis of the interplay between age patterns of fecundity and mortality for individual female medflies (Ceratitis capitata) revealed that individual mortality is associated with the time-dynamics of the egg-laying trajectory. In a sample of 531 medflies, we found that each individual has a characteristic rate of decline in egg la...

Reproduction exacts a price in terms of decreased survival. Our analysis of the interplay between age-patterns of fecundity and mortality for individual female medflies (Ceratitis capitata) reveals that individual mortality is associated with the time dynamics of the egg-laying trajectory. We find, in a sample of 531 medflies, that each individual has a characteristic rate of decline in egg lay...

knowledge of virus and replication kinetic is one of the most important issues in the vaccine production. the present study aimed to evaluate the best harvesting time of h9n2 avian influenza virus (aiv) vaccine strain inoculated in specific pathogen free (spf) embryonated chicken eggs (ece)s. for this purpose, 10-5 dilution of aiv (a/chicken/iran/99/h9n2) was inoculated into 336, 11-day old ece...

Egg production curves describe the laying patterns of hen populations over time. The objectives of this study were to fit the weekly egg production rate of selected and nonselected lines of a White Leghorn hen population, using nonlinear and segmented polynomial models, and to study how the selection process changed the egg-laying patterns between these 2 lines. Weekly egg production rates over...

In this paper, we consider fluid scheduling of mixedcriticality implicit-deadline sporadic task systems. Fluid scheduling allows tasks to be allocated fractional processing capacity, which, although hard to implement, significantly improves the schedulability performance. For dual-criticality systems, dualrate fluid scheduling in which each task is assigned two execution rates depending on the ...

to study the effects of post-stripping oocyte ageing at low temperatures on the viability of kutum (rutilus kutum) oocytes, unfertilised eggs of five females were stored in ovarian fluid at temperatures of 4 and 7 degree centigrade for 24 hours post stripping (hps). the stored ova of five female kutum were separately fertilised at 0 (i.e., control eggs fertilised prior to storage), 4, 8, 12, 16...