This essay serves as an introduction to the folk practices and beliefs of East Punjab. It argues that although there are clear religious identities established by the major organized religions, this does not preclude participation in other practices which cut across these boundaries. These “folk” practices and beliefs cluster around the anxieties and ambiguities of death, common understandings ...

In this paper, I seek to refute arguments for the idea that folk psychological explanation, i.e. the explanation of actions, beliefs and desires in terms of one another, should be understood as being of a different character than ordinary scientific explanations, a view defended most prominently in analytical philosophy by Donald Davidson and John McDowell. My strategy involves arguing both aga...

A strategy profile in a repeated game has bounded recall L if play under the profile after two distinct histories that agree in the last L periods is equal. Mailath and Morris (2002, 2006) proved that any strict equilibrium in bounded-recall strategies of a game with full support public monitoring is robust to all perturbations of the monitoring structure towards private monitoring (the case of...

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A well-known folk-law in biology is that there is no general law in biology because of exceptions. In her recent elegant essay E.F. Keller gave a particular nice presentation on the exceptions to rules or laws in biology [1]. Her example of scaling laws was especially illuminating. Nevertheless, for this cherished folk-law the present author is wondering about its exceptions, too. Several examp...

Evolutionary psychology raises questions about how cognitive adaptations might be related to the emergence of formal schooling. Is there a special role for natural domains of cognition such as folk physics, folk psychology and folk biology? These domains may vary from small fragments of reasoning to large integrated systems. This heterogeneity complicates claims about abilities to inhibit folk ...

In this paper, folk art class, for example,Clarify in teaching should be based on the course (folk art) in a form for the foundation, working people's living and production based on the main line of folk art forms of the associated property, are classified teaching point of view, examples focus on respect to comply with the regulatory class method, the habits of civil labor, the linkages betwee...

labiatae family is well represented in iran by 46 genera and 410 species and subspecies. many members of this family are used in traditional and folk medicine. also they are used as culinary and ornamental plants. there are no distinct references on the ethnobotany and ethnopharmacology of the family in iran and most of the publications and documents related to the uses of these species are bot...

This article presents a social–cognitive model of laypeople’s thinking about mental disorder, dubbed “folk psychiatry.” The author proposes that there are 4 dimensions along which laypeople conceptualize mental disorders and that these dimensions have distinct cognitive underpinnings. Pathologizing represents the judgment that a form of behavior or experience is abnormal or deviant and reflects...

In science and philosophy, there is still no general agreement on what ‘consciousness’ is. But how do normal people (with no education in psychology or philosophy) use the term in their everyday life? What is the folk understanding of the word “conscious”? We conducted an online study on how the general public uses the word “consciousness” in their daily life. Participants (n=445) answered the ...