We have examined the effects of chronic voluntary running for 30 d on the levels of nerve growth factor inducilble-B (NGFI-B) and neuron-derived orphan receptor 1 (NOR1) mRNAs in Fischer and Lewis rats. The aim was to compare the addiction-prone Lewis rat strain to the Fischer strain in a plausible model for natural reward. The Lewis strain ran markedly more than the Fischer strain, as indicate...

The past years have shown a resurgence of interest in conceptual issues in animal communication, with much of the debate centering on the concept of information (e.g. Carazo & Font, 2010; Rendall, Owren,& Ryan, 2009; Ruxton& Schaefer, 2011; Scarantino, 2010; Scott-Phillips, 2008; Seyfarth et al., 2010), and whether the identification of so-called ‘functional reference’ contributes to a better u...

Jochen Koberstein, Norbert Luttenberger Carsten Buschmann, Stefan Fischer Dept. for Computer Science Institute of Operating Systems and Applied Mathematics and Computer Networks Christan-Albrechts-University in Kiel Technical University at Braunschweig Christian-Albrechts-Platz 4 Mühlenpfordtstr. 23 D-24098 Kiel D-38106 Braunschweig {jko|nl}@informatik.uni-kiel.de {buschmann|fischer}@ibr.cs.tu-...

ISSN: 0161-6846 (Print) 1541-1540 (Online) Journal homepage: http://www.tandfonline.com/loi/wplq20 Rural and Small Town Library Management Challenges Rachel K. Fischer To cite this article: Rachel K. Fischer (2015) Rural and Small Town Library Management Challenges, Public Library Quarterly, 34:4, 354-371, DOI: 10.1080/01616846.2015.1106899 To link to this article: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/016...

Miloš DRUTAROVSKÝ, Martin ŠIMKA, Viktor FISCHER Department of Electronics and Multimedia Communications, Technical University of Košice, Park Komenského 13, 041 20 Košice, Slovak Republic, E-mail: {Milos.Drutarovsky, Martin.Simka}@tuke.sk Laboratoire Traitement du Signal et Instrumentation, Unité Mixte de Recherche CNRS 5516, Université Jean Monnet, 10, rue Barrouin, 42000 Saint-Etienne, France...

Inbred •¿ Fischer 344/N rats were immunized to a benz(a)pyrene-induced Fischer 344/N sarcoma (BP-1R) by the excision of growing tumor transplants. This tumor contained tumor-specific transplantation antigens; spleen cells from rats immunized to this tumor adoptively transferred tumor-specific transplantation immunity to syngeneic, normal recipients. RNA-rich extracts were prepared from the sp...

The Fischer indole synthesis is perhaps the most powerful method for indole preparation, but it often suffers from low regioselectivities with unsymmetric aliphatic ketone substrates and strong acidic conditions and is not suitable for α,β-unsaturated ketones. In this article, we disclose an efficient synthesis of N-protected indoles from N-arylhydroxamic acids/N-aryl-N-hydroxycarbamates and a ...

Impulsivity, a tendency toward immediate action without consideration of future consequences, is associated with a wide array of problematic behaviors. Response impulsivity, a type of behaviorally-assessed impulsivity characterized by behavioral disinhibition, is also associated with health risk behaviors. Response impulsivity is distinct from choice impulsivity, which is characterized by intol...

This paper deals with an investigation of the effect of these reactions on bacteria. Not only the common staining behavior but also certain other similarities (Fischer et al., 1949; Fischer, 1951) between intact wool and gram negative bacteria, medium degraded wool and gram variable bacteria, as well as between highly degraded wool and gram positive bacteria suggested that reversal of gram stai...

BACKGROUND Different strains of rats have been used to study alcoholic liver disease (ALD) while the reason for selecting a particular rat strain was not apparent. PURPOSE The aim of our study was to compare outbred (Wistar) and inbred (Fischer) strains to evaluate pathological, biochemical changes, and gene expression differences associated with ethanol-induced early hepatic steatosis. STU...