We study the investment and nancing policies of public U.S. rms. Large rms substitute between debtand equity nancing over the business cycle whereas small rms' nancing policy for debt and equity is pro-cyclical. This paper proposes a novel mechanism that explains these cyclical patterns in a quantitative heterogeneous rm industry model with endogenous rm dynamics. We nd that cross-sectional di ...

life cycle assessment (lca) is one of the decision support systems which can be considered for assessing the different approaches of waste management. however, it only considers environmental effects and ignores other decision making options such as economic and social effects of solid waste management. in this research, we consider a combination of three decision making options including en...

effect of five soybean varieties (sahar, jk, bp, williams and l17) on life cycle and fecundity of the beet armyworm, spodoptera exigua (hã¼bner) was evaluated at temperature of 25 â± 1â°c, 60 â± 5% r.h. and a photoperiod of 16: 8 (l: d) h. the preimaginal development period of males and females was longest on l17 (30.17 â± 0.28 and 29.63 â± 0.23 days) and shortest on bp and sahar. the adult lon...

This paper addresses the issue of technogenesis and its geographical pattern. It aims to offer both a general framework and test on innovation data from several European cities. This framework is built mainly on the product life-cycle and the incubation approach. Further, it is argued that the phases of an industrial life-cycle have several firm-specific effects. First, these phases influence i...

In this paper, the Cox proportional hazard model is used to answer several questions. In general, fourteen variables are applied in four groups: firm, industry, expenditure human resources specific characteristics as well. According to the previous literature in this field, the findings of this paper also show that the factors which affect life duration of firms are different between industries...

The purpose of this paper is to examine the effects of inflation and operating cycle on cash holding in Tehran Stock Exchange in the period 2010 to 2014.The sample is comprised of 103 companies which are selected by systematic elimination method and total of 515 year-firm collected. In this study for testing the hypothesis is used of linear regression and correlation. To analyse data and test h...

escalating development of tourism and petroleum industries in small islands such as lavan-iranrequires sound solid waste management. in the present investigation, three scenarios which consist of thecombination of landfill, recycling, incineration and composting and their environmental impacts have beenevaluated for 7514 kg/day of waste generation in lavan island. for this purpose, life cycle a...

in this study a pseudo comprehensive carbon footprint model for fossil fuel power plants is presented. parameters which their effects are considered in this study include: plant type, fuel type, fuel transmission type, internal consumption of the plant, degradation, site ambient condition, transmission and distribution losses. investigating internal consumption, degradation and site ambient con...

kambeiz talebi, the author of the article discusses the urgent needfor topmanagers to change their style in small entrepreneurial firms during a business life cycle. although most leadership theories assume that it is an easy task, but the case studies and practical experience suggest the opposite - managers find it hard to move from an innovative style when the company is young to taskoriente...