This report deals with two questions concerning the emergence of cooperative strategies in repeated games. The first part is concerned with the Perfect Folk Theorem and presents a vast class of equilibrium solutions based on Markovian strategies. Simple strategies, called equalizers, are introduced and discussed: if players adopt such strategies, the same payoff results for every opponent. The ...

In Missirah, a village in Senegal, a group of young ecologists who are part of an association called Fannabara, developed initiatives with the objective of restoring deteriorating ecosystems and promoting local culture. Along with the many numerous to their credit, in cooperation with partners such as the IUCN and the Global Environment Facility (GEF), Fannabara is trying to establish itself as...

How does technological change affect the depletion of non-renewable natural resources? We argue that to answer this question it is necessary to account for the interaction between skill-biased technological change, population dynamics and their effects on natural resource use. Skill-biased technolgical change leads in a non-malthusian world to a decline in the long-run growth rate of the popula...

In the absence of humane and sustainable control strategies for free-roaming dogs (FRD) and the lack of effective disaster preparedness planning in developing regions of the world, the occurrence of canine zoonoses is a potentially important yet unrecognized issue. The existence of large populations of FRDs in Latin America predisposes communities to a host of public health problems that are al...

Profiting from the emergence of web-scale social data sets, numerous recent studies have systematically explored human mobility patterns over large populations and large time scales. Relatively little attention, however, has been paid to mobility and activity over smaller time-scales, such as a day. Here, we use Twitter to identify people’s frequently visited locations along with their likely a...

This paper presents a detailed account of a novel scheme for finding profit optimal BFWA networks, extending an existing network optimisation tool, and using the principles of emergent, self-organising systems. We describe how populations of agents representing potential users and base sites will disseminate and react to ‘local’ information to optimise global objectives. The use of two distinct...

Professor Oded Galor has, in recent years, made advances in an exciting interdisciplinary research program that explores the dynamic interaction between human evolution and the process of economic development since the emergence of Homo sapiens. This research develops a unified evolutionary growth theory that, based on historical evidence, generates innovative hypotheses about the interplay bet...

This paper provides a theory of the interactions between democratization and the emergence of rule of law. Heterogeneous individuals can make costly investments in protection against expropriation by others and the state. The public enforcement of property rights, whose cost depends on these investments, is chosen by the politically enfranchised population. We characterize the dynamic evolution...

The longevity of the aging populations resulting in a demographic gap is an emergent problem in present society. Universal design philosophy is a transfer towards inclusion promising improved solutions for people with diverse abilities. Nevertheless, often in practice it becomes a mere conception. Existing theoretical guidelines as design principles often fail to result in factual universal des...

We show that communication may evolve in a population of simple machines that are physically capable of sensing and modifying a shared environment, and for which there is selective pressure in favor of cooperative behavior. The emergence of communication was detected by comparing simulations in which communication was permitted with those in which it was suppressed. When communication was not s...