The uropathogenic Escherichia coli strain 536 (O6:K15:H31) exhibits a mannose-resistant hemagglutination phenotype (Mrh) with bovine erythrocytes and delayed Mrh with human and guinea pig erythrocytes. Neuraminidase treatment of the erythrocytes abolishes mannose resistant hemagglutination, which is typical for X fimbriae. E. coli strain 536 synthesizes two different fimbriae (Fim phenotype) pr...

The astA gene responsible for production of enteroaggregative Escherichia coli heatstable enterotoxin 1 (EAST1) was identified in E. coli strains isolated from pigs with postweaning diarrhea. Two hundred and twenty-six isolates were tested using PCR for the astA marker as well as for heat-labile I (LTI), heat-stable I (STI), and heat-stable II (STII) enterotoxin genes characteristic for enterot...

The a-sialyl-1J-2,3-gaIactosyl-specific adhesin (S adhesin) was isolated from cells of a recombinant Escherichia coli K-12 strain expressing the S-flmbrial adhesin complex. A crude cell extract was partiaUy dissociated into fimbriae and an adhesin-enriched fraction by heating to 7O"C. From the latter, adhesin was purified to apparent homogeneity (by fast protein liquid chromatography, immunoblo...

Two types of fimbriae have been identified on the pathogenic gram-negative organism Bordetella pertussis. Monoclonal antibodies to these fimbriae were produced to better understand the role of fimbriae as serotype-specific agglutinogens and to investigate the antigenic relationship between these fimbriae. Three monoclonal antibodies were identified that specifically agglutinated B. pertussis ce...

Polymerase chain reaction for five fimbriae (K88, K99, 987P, F41, F18), two heatstable enterotoxins (STa, STb), one heatlabile enterotoxin (LT), and Shiga-like toxin type II (SLT) was performed on Escherichia coli isolates to determine their genotype among isolates from weaned pigs with diarrhea and/or edema disease in North Carolina. A total of 175 isolates were tested. All but two isolates po...

The genes encoding type 1 fimbriae of Salmonella typhimurium, Enterobacter cloacae, and Serratia marcescens were cloned in Escherichia coli. All transformants possessing recombinant plasmids were shown to be fimbriate and demonstrated mannose-sensitive hemagglutinating activity. A comparison of the physical maps of these plasmids revealed little similarity among them, although plasmids encoding...

E. coli strain 536 (O6:K15:H31) isolated from a case of acute pyelonephritis, expresses S-fimbrial adhesins, P-related fimbriae, common type I fimbriae, and hemolysins. The respective chromosomally encoded determinants were cloned by constructing a genomic library of this strain. Furthermore, the strain produces the iron uptake substance, enterocheline, damages HeLa cells, and behaves in a seru...

Two distinctive types of fimbriae have been identified in Porphyromonas gingivalis. In this report, we demonstrate that minor fimbriae are involved in P. gingivalis autoaggregation and colonization. A mutant with a deficiency in minor fimbriae can bind to a saliva-coated surface but does not form microcolonies as the wild-type strain does.

Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium genome encodes 13 fimbrial operons. Most of the fimbriae encoded by these operons are not produced under laboratory conditions but are likely to be synthesized in vivo We used an in vivo expression technology (IVET) strategy to identify four fimbrial operons, agf, saf, sti, and stc that are expressed in the spleen. When any three of these operons were del...

The discovery of antibiotics in 1928 seemed like a win in the battle against infectious diseases. But, the ability of bacterial pathogens to adapt to these life-saving medicines was underestimated. The bacterial evolution, indeed, led to the emergence of antibiotic resistance as soon as the clinical consumption of antibiotics started. Today, certain bacteria including some strains of the gram-n...