BACKGROUND Although recommended, both the Cockcroft and Gault formula (CG) and the modification of diet in renal disease (MDRD) equation are not ideally predictive of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in diabetic subjects; we tested whether the new Mayo Clinic Quadratic (MCQ) equation performed better. METHODS In 200 diabetic subjects with a wide range of renal function, GFR was measured by 51...

BACKGROUND Albuminuria was widely considered as the first clinical sign of diabetic kidney disease (DKD), which is why it has traditionally been used as a screening test for DKD. However, increasing evidence has shown that a significant number of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) patients have a decreased glomerular filtration rate (GFR) without significant albuminuria, known as non-albuminuric DKD...

AIMS To report preliminary data on baseline serum calcitonin concentrations and associated clinical characteristics in a global population with type 2 diabetes before liraglutide or placebo randomization. METHODS The ongoing LEADER trial has enrolled 9340 people with type 2 diabetes and at high risk of cardiovascular disease at 410 centres worldwide. People with baseline serum calcitonin ≤ 50...

BACKGROUND/AIMS It is important to establishthe association between insulin resistance and renal function; however, the reported associations differ across studies. Different underlying pathophysiologies of the studied populations may affect the associations. There have been no reports on the relationship between insulin resistance and renal function in the presence of hypertension (HT). We inv...

OBJECTIVE To assess the normal sonographic values of renal length and cortical thickness in healthy adults and establish reference ranges in our population for comparison when examining renal disease. SUBJECTS AND METHODS Sonographic assessment of renal length and cortical thickness were performed from January 2006 to December 2011 in 252 healthy individuals who were self-referred to the El-R...

Introduction Frailty and muscle wasting, a component of frailty, are common in advanced stage chronic kidney disease (CKD). Whether frailty is associated with low urinary creatinine excretion (UCrE) as a measure of muscle mass in this population is unknown. Furthermore, reference values of UCrE are lacking. We first defined low UCrE and studied correlates of low UCrE, and subsequently studied c...

OBJECTIVE To compare the measurements of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) determined by (99m)Tc-diethylene triamine pentaacetic acid ((99m)Tc-DTPA) renal dynamic imaging with those estimated by Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CDK-EPI) equation and to identify a more accurate measurement of GFR of chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients in clinical practice. METHODS The GFR wa...

Risk factors often develop at young age and are maintained over time, but it is not fully understood how risk factors develop over time preceding cardiovascular disease (CVD). Our objective was to examine how levels and trajectories of metabolic risk factors and biochemical markers prior to diagnosis differ between people with and without CVD over a period of up to 15-20 years. A total of 449 i...

Approximate searching using an index is an important application in many fields. In this paper we introduce a new data structure called the gapped suffix array for approximate searching in the Hamming distance model. Building on the well known filtration approach for approximate searching, the use of the gapped suffix array can improve search speed by avoiding the merging of position lists.

BACKGROUND Nutritional status has been related to clinical outcomes in patients with heart failure. We assessed the association between nutritional status, indexed by prognostic nutritional index (PNI), and survival in patients hospitalized for acute heart failure. METHODS AND RESULTS A total of 1673 patients (age 76±13 years, 68% men) hospitalized for acute heart failure in a tertiary medica...