This study was carried out in Pirmam,, Erbil Governorate - Iraq for two years, from 15 March 2020 to 2021 the spring season and September2020 September autumn season, responses of three turf grass genera, includingermuda (Cynodon dactylon L. var. cd4), Tall fescue (Festuca arrundaceae Barleroy) Creeping bent (Agrostis palustris) cultivated by seeds shading levels 0 75% sprayed with paclobutrazo...

Application of a high-performance liquid chromatography-based muramic acid assay with precolumn fluorescence derivatization to quantification of root-associated bacteria was studied both in pure cultures and in the rhizosphere of axenic Festuca rubra seedlings. Quantities of muramic acid from acid-hydrolyzed cells of Frankia strains, Streptomyces griseoviridis, Enterobacter agglomerans, Klebsie...

Inter-sexual segregation between habitats or between sites within a habitat is very widespread in sexually dimorphic ungulates. As an explanation, it has been suggested that males, because of their larger forage requirements, are driven from preferred, high quality forage habitats into marginal habitats of lower forage quality but higher forage biomass by female competition (`indirect competiti...

The Festuca genus is thought to be the most numerous genus of the Poaceae family. One of the most agronomically important forage grasses, Festuca pratensis Huds. is treated as a model plant to study the molecular mechanisms associated with tolerance to winter stresses, including frost. However, the precise mapping of the genes governing stress tolerance in this species is difficult as its karyo...

Residual effeet of a eoneentrated and depotassitied beet vinasse on growth and mineral eomposition of taH feseue (Festuca arundinacea) was studied. Results were compared with those obtained for a mineral fertilizer treatment and a control. Vinasse and inorganie fertilizer had been previously applied to two different soils at two rates for tive years. High doses of vinasse produeed the highest y...