نتایج جستجو برای: fertility behavior

تعداد نتایج: 666127  

2008
Devin Finn

Bonded labor, which is characterized by a long-term relationship between employer and employee, is usually solidified through a loan, and is embedded intricately in India’s socio-economic culture—a culture that is a product of class relations, a colonial history, and persistent poverty among many citizens. Also known as debt bondage, bonded labor is a specific form of forced labor in which comp...

Journal: :Biology letters 2011
Therese Chen Madeleine Beekman Ashley J W Ward

While studies of sexual selection focus primarily on female choice and male-male competition, males should also exert mate choice in order to maximize their reproductive success. We examined male mate choice in mosquitofish, Gambusia holbrooki, with respect to female size and female dominance. We found that the number of mating attempts made by a male was predicted by the dominance rank of fema...

Journal: :Proceedings. Biological sciences 2015
Penelope R Whitehorn Nicola Cook Charlotte V Blackburn Sophie M Gill Jade Green David M Shuker

Sex allocation theory has proved to be one the most successful theories in evolutionary ecology. However, its role in more applied aspects of ecology has been limited. Here we show how sex allocation theory helps uncover an otherwise hidden cost of neonicotinoid exposure in the parasitoid wasp Nasonia vitripennis. Female N. vitripennis allocate the sex of their offspring in line with Local Mate...

2013
DONATIEN BEGUY ROBERT NDUGWA CAROLINE W. KABIRU

The contribution of adolescents' childbearing to total fertility rates in many sub-Saharan African countries is higher than in other parts of the world. In this paper, data collected from 897 female adolescents aged 15-19 years are analysed to investigate patterns and determinants of entry into motherhood in two informal settlements in Nairobi, Kenya, using Kaplan-Meier estimates and Cox regres...

Journal: :Social science & medicine 2009
Marida Hollos Ulla Larsen Oka Obono Bruce Whitehouse

This paper examines how socio-economic contexts shape local meanings of infertility, how the prevalence of infertility affects these meanings, and how the above affect community responses, life experiences and infertility treatment-seeking behaviors in two African communities. The paper is based on interdisciplinary research conducted among the Ijo and the Yakurr people of southern Nigeria that...

2010
Sunnee Billingsley

Fertility has unanimously declined across the entire post-communist region. This study explores the variation in fertility trends over time among these countries and assesses to what degree three explanations are applicable: second demographic transition (SDT), postponement transition (PPT) or reaction to the economic crisis. Moreover, on the basis of SDT and PPT theoretical tenets, as well as ...

2014
Robab Latifnejad Roudsari Talat Khadivzadeh Masoud Bahrami

Article type: Original article Background & aim: Iran has experienced a great variation in women's status in recent years. There is a little knowledge on how and why advancing gender equality and equity and the empowerment of women play a role in recent fertility reduction in the country. This study was conducted to gain insight into the role of gender beliefs and women's empowerment in the cou...

Journal: :Journal of marriage and the family 2017
Paula Fomby Cynthia Osborne

Two concepts capture the dynamic and complex nature of contemporary family structure: family instability and multipartner fertility. Although these circumstances are likely to co-occur, their respective literatures have proceeded largely independently. We used data from the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study (N=3,062) to consider these dimensions of dynamic family structure together, as...

2012
Audrey Chen Fanny Ng Tim Lebestky Anna Grygoruk Christine Djapri Hakeem O. Lawal Harshul A. Zaveri Filmon Mehanzel Rod Najibi Gabriel Seidman Niall P. Murphy Rachel L. Kelly Larry C. Ackerson Nigel T. Maidment F. Rob Jackson David E. Krantz David Geffen

To investigate the regulation of Drosophila melanogaster behavior by biogenic amines, we have exploited the broad requirement of the vesicular monoamine transporter (VMAT) for the vesicular storage and exocytotic release of all monoamine neurotransmitters. We used the Drosophila VMAT (dVMAT) null mutant to globally ablate exocytotic amine release, and then restored DVMAT activity in either indi...

Journal: :Journal of population economics 1997
R Kollmann

An economic model of fertility choice is presented and discussed in which the utility level of agents depends upon their consumption, the number of children they have, and upon the consumption of their children. Parents are altruistic toward their children, but in a more limited sense than in the fertility model presented by Becker and Barro in 1988, in which the utility of parents depends upo...

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