Individual variation in behavioural traits (including responses to social cues) may influence the success of invasive populations. We studied the relationship between sociality and personality in invasive cane toads (Rhinella marina) from a recently established population in tropical Australia. In our field experiments, we manipulated social cues (the presence of a feeding conspecific) near a f...

In suction feeding, a volume of water is drawn into the mouth of a predator. Previous studies of suction feeding in fishes have shown that significant fluid velocities are confined to a region within one mouth width from the mouth. Therefore, the predator must be relatively close to the prey to ensure capture success. Here, theoretical modelling is combined with empirical data to unravel the me...

Silicon (Si) uptake by Poaceae plants has beneficial effects on herbivore defense. Increased plant physical barrier and altered herbivorous feeding behaviors are documented to reduce herbivorous arthropod feeding and contribute to enhanced plant defense. Here, we show that Si amendment to rice (Oryza sativa) plants contributes to reduced feeding in a phloem feeder, the brown planthopper (Nilapa...

.................................................................................................. 3 LIST OF PAPERS......................................................................................... 4 INTRODUCTION........................................................................................... 6 Biological invasions The Baltic Sea and the North American Great Lakes – invasion ho...

The feeding of critically ill patients has recently become a controversial issue, as several studies have provided unexpected and contradictory results. Earlier beliefs regarding energy requirements in critical illness-especially during the initial phase-have been challenged. In the current review, we summarize existing evidence about fasting and the impact of early vs. late feeding on the sick...

conclusions the prevalence of predominant breastfeeding during the first month postpartum is high in shahroud. interventions to strengthen adherence to who guidelines for breastfeeding should be considered. breastfeeding education providers at the hospitals should emphasize the effects of formula on breastfeeding continuation at early postpartum. background the introduction of fluids to infants...

objective about 1 % of infants are of very low birth weight. however, they comprise about 50% of infant mortality. we compare the effects of continuous versus intermittent feeding on physical growth, gastrointestinal tolerance and macronutrient retention in low birth weight infants (methods a prospective randomized trial clinical trial was performed from 2004-2005. very low birth weight neonate...

By using real-time quantitative PCR, the population dynamics and gene transcription of Borrelia burgdorferi were examined in ticks and skin of mice during acquisition of the infection from mice by ticks and during transmission of the infection from ticks to mice. Population dynamics were determined by using a flaB DNA target. A quantitative analysis of flaB, ospA, ospC, dbpA, and arp transcript...