"> In the present study, transesterification of soybean oil to Fatty Acid Methyl Ester (FAME) was carried out in the microreactor. The system performance was <span style="font-size: 9pt; color: #000000; ...

The acid-catalyzed pre-treatment esterification process is required for low-cost feedstock with high free fatty acids (FFAs) to avoid the saponification that occurs during alkali-catalyzed transesterification production of acid alkyl esters (FAAE). Reverse hydrolysis in causes a decrease methyl ester (FAME) yield. Therefore, must be intensified. This study aims develop and optimize low-temperat...

The world faces both an energy crisis and the problem of global warming due to increasing emissions of green-house gases, particularly CO2. Because of dwindling petroleum reserves in the USA, there is an urgent need to develop alternative fuels. Bioderived fuels are one of the most viable and affordable alternatives. We focus on several biofuels, specifically dimethyl-ether (DME), a clean fuel ...

chyuri (Diploknema butyracea (roxburgh) H. J. lam) is widely used in nepal for its medicinal properties and as a source of chyuri ghee (fat) extracted from the seeds. the main purpose of the present study was the gc-MS analysis of fatty acids in seed fat of chyuri after acidic methanolysis. Palmitic acid methyl ester (1), linoleic acid methyl ester (2), oleic acid methyl ester (3) and steric ac...

Hydrogenation of various types of oleochemicals is a major unit operation in industry. Natural fatty alcohols are important raw materials for surfactants and lubricants and can be produced by catalytic hydrogenation of fatty acid methyl esters (FAME). Commercial multiphase processes are necessarily operated at high pressures and high hydrogen-to-ester mole ration owing to low solubility of hydr...

Biodiesel (BD), typically consisting of fatty acid methyl esters (FAME), has received much attention because it is a renewable biofuel that contributes little to global warming compared to petroleum-based diesel fuel. The most common method used for BD production is based on the alkali-catalyzed transesterification of first-use refined oils and fats with an alcohol (e.g. methanol). These techno...

Biodiesel is an alternative fuel for diesel engines that is produced by chemically reacting vegetable oil or animal fat with an alcohol such as ethanol or methanol in the presence of catalyst. The growing interest in biodiesel (fatty acid methyl ester or FAME) is because of the similarity of its properties when comparing with diesel fuel. Karanja (Pongamia pinnata), which is one of the source o...

Cover crops are promoted to increase soil organic carbon (SOC) storage and improve biological health in agricultural systems. However, cover crop effects on microbial communities – key regulators of SOC nutrients functioning not clear semiarid environments. This study investigated the response community structure enzyme activities integration under limited-irrigation winter wheat (Triticum aest...

Increasing prevalence of allergic diseases with an inadequate variety of treatment drives forward search for new alternative drugs. Fatty acids, abundant in nature, are regarded as important bioactive compounds and powerful nutrients playing an important role in lipid homeostasis and inflammation. Phytochemical study on Typhonium blumei Nicolson and Sivadasan (Araceae), a folk anti-cancer and a...