changes in credit risk may arise when either the value or the risk of corporate assets changes. changes in the equity value associated with the changes in the asset value and changes in asset risk can be characterized into potentially countervailing direct and indirect effects. the indirect effect of risk on equity value is a function of factors that affect the debt value of including leverage,...

 Background: A fair and just trial, as one of the most fundamental moral demands in the legal system, can have positive consequences in the legal system. The effectiveness of the registration system in society is increasing and it is necessary to conduct appropriate surveys to meet their expectations, especially in terms of paying attention to the substantive rules of fair trial. The rules and ...

The Generalized Processor Sharing (GPS) discipline is proven to have two desirable properties: (a) it can provide an end-to-end bounded-delay service to a session whose tra c is constrained by a leaky bucket; (b) it can ensure fair allocation of bandwidth among all backlogged sessions regardless of whether or not their tra c is constrained. The former property is the basis for supporting guaran...

Between 1970 and 1982, 50 total elbow replacements were carried out for rheumatoid arthritis using the Stanmore prosthesis. A long-term follow-up of the 44 elbows available for review is presented. Thirty-four of these (77%) had good results, five were fair, and five were poor. The complications and limitations are discussed.

Fair queueing has long been a popular paradigm for providing bounded delay channel access and separation between ows in wireline networks. However, adapting fair queueing to the wireless domain is non-trivial because of the unique problems in wireless channels such as location-dependent and bursty channel error. In this article, we identify the key issues in wireless fair queueing, deene a wire...

Proportional Fair (PF), a frequently used scheduling algorithm in 3G wireless networks, can unnecessarily starve “well-behaved” users in practice. One of the main causes behind PF-induced starvation is its inability to distinguish between users who are backlogged and users who are not. In this paper, we describe how a simple parallel PF instance can mitigate such starvation.

The paper proposes a surprisingly simple characterization of a large class of models of distributed computing, via an agreement function: for each set of processes, the function determines the best level of set consensus these processes can reach. We show that the task computability of a large class of fair adversaries that includes, in particular superset-closed and symmetric one, is precisely...