On planets where most of the heat is transported to the surface by igneous activity (extrusive volcanism or near-surface intrusions), the surface heat flow at localities well away from regions of current igneous activity need not be even approximately the conductive heatflow through the entire lithosphere but may instead be dominated by the residual heat leaking out from the last igneous event ...

Although the published papers about this matter is limited to clinical case reports, the aim of this review was to quantify the success rate of immediate vs late orthodontic extrusion of traumatically intruded teeth. From 55 reports in a PubMed and Medline computerized search, 13 reported patients involving 22 traumatically intruded anterior upper teeth with orthodontic extrusion were selected....

Trauma to teeth may be a result of falls, sports injuries and automobile accidents [1]. Predisposing factors for traumatic injuries to teeth can be post normal occlusion, an over jet more than 4 mm, short upper lip, incompetent lips and mouth breathing [2]. Boys more likely to have tooth trauma than girls, by ratio of 2:1 to 3:1 [3]. Tooth avulsion is a dental emergency usually seen in young ch...

[1] These first measurements of specific surface area (SSA) of bulk samples of subsurfacemarine basalts were undertaken to determine the potential area available for microbial colonization. SSA ranged from 0.3 to 52 m/g of basalt with the lowest value coming from pillow basalt and the highest value from breccia. The average for massive and pillow basalts combined was 2.3 m/g. The total specific...

This paper delineates our use of10 708 km of three-dimensional (3D) seismic data from the continental margin of Trinidad and TobagoWest Indies to describe a series of mass transport complexes (MTCs) that were deposited during the Plio-Pleistocene.This area, situated along the obliquely converging boundary of the Caribbean/SouthAmerican plates and proximal to theOrinoco Delta, is characterized b...

This retrospective study evaluated the frequency of development of root resorption in dental trauma cases involving supporting tissue. For 249 traumatized teeth of 125 patients aged between 7 and 51 years, we collected data on the gender and age of the patient, the teeth involved, the type of trauma, and the period between dental injury and initial examination. Radiographic parameters examined ...

AIM The aim of this study was to evaluate the degree of knowledge in the management of different scenarios of dental trauma in a population of Italian dentists. MATERIALS AND METHODS A closed-ended questionnaire consisting of 5 clinical cases of common traumatic dental injuries was asked to be filled out by dentists in the area of Milan, Italy. A total of 500 questionnaires were collected; af...

Abstract: Introduction: The increased overjet in Class II Division 1 malocclusion subjects may be due to hyperdivergent growth pattern or Bolton’s tooth size discrepancy. The aim of this investigation was to find the rational factor for overjet in Class II Division 1 malocclusion as growth pattern or Bolton's discrepancy in these subjects. Methods: 120 untreated Class II Division 1 cases who re...

[1] The lunar steep-sided Gruithuisen and Mairan domes are morphologically and spectrally distinctive structures and appear similar to terrestrial extrusive volcanic features characterized by viscous magma. We use the basic morphologic and morphometric characteristics of the domes to estimate the yield strengths ( 10 Pa), plastic viscosities ( 10 Pa s), and effusion rates ( 50 m/s) of the magma...

Magraatism and volcanism exhibit spatial and temporal clustering on a wide range of scales. Using the spatial pair-correlation function, the number of pairs of magmatic orvolcanic events whose separation is between r« Ar and r + « Ar per unit area, we quantify the spatial clustering of raagraatism and volcanism in several data sets. Statistically self-similar clustering characterized by power l...