Drawing on approach/inhibition theory of power, we investigated two factors that influence the manner by which victims react to workplace ostracism: the hierarchical status of the ostracizer and the level of an ostracizee's external social support including family, friends, and significant others. Across an experimental vignette study (Study 1) and a field study (Study 2), we found support for ...

Under natural conditions, animals encounter a barrage of sensory information from which they must select and interpret biologically relevant signals. Active sensing can facilitate this process by engaging motor systems in the sampling of sensory information. The echolocating bat serves as an excellent model to investigate the coupling between action and sensing because it adaptively controls bo...

An intention of MapReduce Sets for External Source Output expressions analysis has to suggest criteria how External Source Output expressions in External Source Output data can be defined in a meaningful way and how they should be compared. Similitude based MapReduce Sets for External Source Output Expression Analysis and MapReduce Sets for Assignment is expected to adhere to fundamental princi...

The central issue in strategy formulation and implementation process, or strategy-making, is the identification of environmental forces and the preparation of a plan of action to deal with them. This necessitates scanning the environment for gathering information. Environmental scanning should enable the firm to identify these forces. Doing this not only calls for information gathering, but als...

This study is a conceptual replication of Karimi et al.’s (2007) study on the impact of ERP implementations on business process outcomes among US manufacturing firms in a Sub-Saharan African (SSA) nation. The results of the measurement model are valid and reliable, which are consistent and comparable with that of the original study, enhancing the external validity of the constructs proposed in ...

This study examined whether recent alcohol-related consequences affect intentions to use protective drinking strategies. Responses were collected from incoming college freshmen (N = 84,367) at 279 U.S. colleges and universities. Plans to limit future drinking were significantly lower among students who were male, younger, White, or were in or intending to join a fraternity or sorority. For heav...

new product development (npd) is described in the literature as the transformation of a market opportunity into a product available for sale. in the automotive industry, within the context of iso/ts16949:2002 (the automotive quality management system international standard),  these related to the product realization process (prp) which consists of three main phases such as planning, implementat...

recruitment of human resources has a critical importance as the most important and essential asset of a knowledge-based organization. the process of resourcing and recruitment has to be compatible with the characteristics of a knowledge-based organization and conditions of competitive markets in this regard. in this paper, which is the result of an applied developmental study, the process of re...

We show that a rate of conditional Shannon entropy reduction, characterizing the learning of an internal process about an external process, is bounded by the thermodynamic entropy production. This approach allows for the definition of an informational efficiency that can be used to study cellular information processing. We analyze three models of increasing complexity inspired by the E. coli se...