To test the hypothesis that, in response to an increase in placental vascular resistance and progressive fetal asphyxia, the changes in external carotid blood flow waveforms are directly related to changes in external carotid vascular resistance, we embolized the fetal side of the placenta in pregnant sheep and measured cerebral and external carotid artery circulatory changes in relation to cha...

INTRODUCTION Branches from the cervical portion of the internal carotid artery are rare. In most cases, atherosclerotic stenosis is found at the bifurcation of the internal and external carotid arteries. However, when associated with atherosclerotic carotid artery disease, the origin of the rare branches arising from the internal carotid artery can be another site of stenosis. This report descr...

A case of visual disturbance by embolization through the external carotid artery (ECA) after internal carotid artery (ICA) occlusion is reported. A 65-year-old female presented left ICA occlusion 14 years ago. She was admitted with acute deterioration of left visual acuity. Ophthalmologically, the retinal central artery was occluded. Cerebral angiography disclosed an irregular wall at the left ...

background: carotid artery stenting is now used as an alternative to surgical endarterectomy. this study was done to assess the feasibility, safety, and immediate and late clinical outcomes in patients undergoing carotid stenting . methods: between july 2008 and december 2009, a total of 40 patients (20 male, mean age: 65 ± 11 years, 19 symptomatic, and 90% high risk for endarterectomy) underwe...

We studied 4 patients with bilateral carotid artery occlusion who suffered delayed TIAs in one of the occluded internal carotid or common carotid areas. Hemodynamic mechanisms were prominent in two patients, in head turning and orthostatic hypotension. In the other two cases, embolic phenomena through the homolateral external carotid collateral pathways were probable, because this artery (or th...

Agenesis of the left common carotid artery with independent origins of the internal and external carotid arteries arising directly from the aortic arch is an extremely rare congenital anomaly. We present MR angiographic findings in a case with agenesis of left common carotid artery that, to our knowledge, is unique by virtue of its detection and description with MR angiography.