Understanding how nervous systems generate behavior requires understanding how muscles transform neural input into movement. The stick insect extensor tibiae muscle is an excellent system in which to study this issue because extensor motor neuron activity is highly variable during single leg walking and extensor muscles driven with this activity produce highly variable movements. We showed earl...

This experiment was designed to study the relationship between the cross-sectional area of rat skeletal muscle showing glycogen loss and the muscle forces exerted during exercise. Muscular force exerted by the extensors of the elbows and ankle was increased by 24% by loading rats with 24% of their body mass while running them on a treadmill at 30 m.min-1. VO2 increased by 24% and stride frequen...

OBJECTIVE The tendons of the extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis muscles are quite useful in tendon transfer, such as in correction of finger clawing and restoration of thumb opposition. Knowledge of additional radial wrist extensor muscle bellies with independent tendons is useful in the above-mentioned surgical procedures. METHODS The skin, subcutaneous tissue, and antebrachial fascia...

Background: The Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus (ECRL) and the Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis (ECRB) are muscles of the posterior forearm compartment. variations in this area of the forearm are common and are usually diagnosed during surgery. Sometimes these variations are symptomatic and can be helpful in clinical procedures such as surgery. Diagnosis and identification of abnormalities can be ...

Mohandas K. G. Rao, Venkata Ramana Vollala, Seetharama M. Bhat, Sreenivas Bolla, Vijay Paul Samuel, Narendra Pamidi Department of Anatomy, Melaka Manipal Medical College (Manipal Campus), Manipal, India Address for correspondence: Dr. Mohandas Rao KG, Department of Anatomy, Melaka Manipal Medical College (Manipal Campus), International Centre for Health Sciences, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, Indi...

Immune mediated necrotizing myopathy (IMNM) is a unique form of myositis that is characterized by distinct muscle biopsy features including abundant myofiber necrosis, degeneration, and regeneration with only minimal, if any, inflammation on muscle biopsy. IMNM is clinically similar to idiopathic inflammatory myopathy (IIM); hence, muscle biopsy is essential to diagnose IMNM. Herein we describe...

OBJECTIVE The present study assessed the reliability and validity of isokinetic dynamometry in the qualitative determination of the evolution of total knee arthroplasty. CASES 20 patients whose mean age was 71.35 years, undergoing knee arthroplasty, and 25 controls whose mean age was 71.36 years. METHOD Computerized isokinetic assessment of flexor and extensor muscles using a CYBEX 6000 dyn...

Subjects with chronic hemiplegia following stroke attempted to perform voluntary isometric, isokinetic, and free contractions of the extensor muscles of the metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joints. We recorded torque, metacarpophalangeal joint angle and velocity, and electromyographic (EMG) activity of the extrinsic extensors and flexors and the first dorsal interosseous (FDI). We found that voluntary...

OBJECTIVE To estimate jitter parameters in myasthenia gravis in stimulated frontalis and extensor digitorum muscles using the concentric needle electrode. METHODS Forty-two confirmed myasthenia gravis patients, being 22 males (aged 45.6±17.2 years-old) were studied. Jitter was expressed as the mean consecutive difference (MCD). RESULTS MCD in extensor digitorum was 61.6 µs (abnormal in 85.7...